HP Systems HP beliefs & behavior

Health Behavior

Any activity undertaken for the purpose of preventing or detecting disease or for improving health and well-being (Conner and Norman, 2005)

health behaviors

Roll model, Family history, knowledge; smoking beliefs, depression are examples related to

health

Based on the pie chart, majority of spending has been focused on

Health behavior

Behavior patterns, actions and habits that relate to health maintenance, to health restoration and to health improvement (Gochman, 1997)

HB Theories

Behavior change model. Willingness to change is due to health perceptions.

Perceived susceptibility

Am I at risk of a negative health outcome?

The following text relates to…

Perceived susceptibility

A woman must believe there is a possibility of getting breast cancer before she will be interested in getting a mammogram

The following text relates to…

Perceived severity

How bad would the consequences be of a negative outcome?

The following text relates to …

Perceived severity

Feelings about the seriousness of contracting a disease or of leaving it untreated

Perceived threat

Combination of perceived susceptibility and perceived severity

Perceived severity

Leaving breast cancer untreated will have serious painful outcomes that may be fatal

Perceived benefits

What can I gain by changing my behavior?

The following text refers to what?

Perceived benefits

Even if a person has high perceived threat, whether this threat leads to a behavior change will be influenced by the person’s beliefs regarding the various available actions for reducing the disease threat.

Perceived barriers

What stands in the way of my behavior?

The following question relates to what?

Perceived barriers

A kind of nonconscious, cost benefit analysis occurs wherein individual weigh the actions expected benefits with imagined obstacles

The most powerful predictor of behavior change.

Cues to action

What will give me the motivational support needed to make the final push to change?

The following text relates to what?

Cues to action

External

Prompting a desire to take action

Self-efficacy

Person’s belief in their ability to make a change.

Self-efficacy

Do I believe that I can overcome barriers to make change?

Transtheoretical Model of change

The following image represents what?

Precontemplation

Unaware, unwilling, or too discouraged to change.

Usually not willing to try anything within next six months or longer.

Decisional balance tipped towards the cons of engaging

The following characteristics relates to?

Precontemplation

Listening and empathic responding

Nonjudgmental approach

Not seeking any information, so educational intervention may not help

Effective questioning to assess resistance

The following strategies relates to what?

Contemplation

Active consideration of change; thinking about trying something within 6 months; low self-efficacy; temptation to “stay the same”.

Decisional balance tipped towards the cons of engaging; still not willing to change

The following characteristics relates to what?

Contemplation

Listening and empathic responding

Educational intervention

Effective questioning

Developing discrepancies (especially perceived barriers/ benefits of the change)

The following strategies mention relates to what?

Preparation/Determination

Patient is ready to engage in the behavior in next month, have made at least one attempt in the past year, beginning to set goals and “psych” self up

Individuals are unsure that they can carry out the treatment plan because of confidence issues or relapse in the past.

Decisional balance tipped towards the pros of engaging in new behavior

The following characteristics relates to what?

Preparation/Determination

Action oriented strategies are to be considered

Setting small goals and removing barriers to change

Discuss plan of action and praise for the patient are important

The following strategy text relates to what?

Action

Decisional balance tipped towards the pros of change

Typically engaged in new behavior < 6 months

Can be stressful

Engaging willpower

Typical situation for most 1st refill encounters

The following characteristics relates to what?

Action

Listening and empathy

Avoid argumentation

Continual encouragement and emotional support

ID reasons for relapse

The following strategies relate to what?

Maintenance

Decisional balance tipped towards the pros of behavioral change

Engaged in behaviors for at least 6 months

Patient can ID situations and self-defeating behaviors that encourage relapse

The following characteristics relate to what?

Maintenance

Listening and empathy

Open assessment of situations likely to produce a relapse; relapse prevention

Continual encouragement and emotional support

Key is to attack problems, NOT people

The following strategies relates to what?

Preparation/ Determination

KN is a 40 y.o. female with hyperlipidemia

Current meds include:

Simvastatin 40mg once a day

KN was recently diagnosed with depression which requires her to start on paroxetine 20 mg once a day.

What stage of change is characterized by this encounter for Paroxetine

Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)

Used to predict and understand a wide range of health-related behaviors such as use of birth control pills, weight loss, condom use, alcohol use, cannabis use, homeopathic medicine use, herbal medicine use.

Behavioral intention

STR determinant of behavior in the theory of planned behavior

Attitude, subjective norm, & behavioral control

Intention is predicted by