3.1-3.2 vocab quiz

constitutional government

a system in which the powers of governments are limited by a written constitution, as in the USA, or by an established political method and series of conventions, as in Britain. In both forms, the legality of what government does can be challenge and even over turned in independent law courts.

democracy

a system of government in which the citizens exercise power by electing representative to form a legislative body, such as parliament

shares

a means of investing money in business. if successful business rise in value. Investors aim to buy this at low prices and then sell them when the value rises.

unemployment benefit

payments made by a state to people who are unable to find a job

margin loans

a loan from a broker to a client that functions as a margin account

speculation

The forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence. Investments in stocks, property, or other ventures in hope of gain but with rises of loss.

deflation

a general decline in prices, cause by a reduction in the supply of money and credit.

totalitarian

a system of government that is centralized, dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state.

propaganda

the communication of a political or other message by appealing to people’s emotions rather than their reason encouraging them to be excited rather than to think.

mein kampf

my struggle. A book Hitler wrote and outlined his political philosophy. he argued that the German population was too large for boundaries in which it was constrained.

lebensraum

living space. solution to Mein Kampf. Germany would take land in the east to provide more space for the expanding of German population. Intention was to take land from both Poland and the USSR.

constitutional monarchy

A monarchy in which the king or queen is the head of state, with powers limited by a written constitution or by an established political method or series of conventions, as in Britain.

anti-comintern pact

Alliance between Japan and Germany. (defensive alliance) they agreed to provide mutual support in the event of any future attacks on either of them by the USSR.(1936)

rome-berlin axis

Alliance between Italy and Germany for military and political purposes. Hitler also removed Mussolini as a potential hinderance to his plans.

anarcmist

Rejected all forms of authority supporting a political philosophy that argued that there should be no government at all. opposed unequal power relationships and exploitation. They advocated local associations that could form free association with one another

separatists

wants independence for their regions. many Basques, Catlins, Adulation Araneae and Castilians felt that preserving their regional identity was more important then showing allegiance to Spain as a country.

francisco franco

came from a military family and by the time of the Spanish civil war he had risen to the rank of general. led the nationalist rebels to victory against the repulsion government in the war. He remained in power until his death in 1975

civil war

A war between citizens of the same country

coup d’etat

A sudden, violent, and unlawful seizure of power from a government. is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a militay organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent ledership.

Conscription

compulsory military service of certain groups of society, such as men between certain ages.

stresa front

agreement between France, Britain, Italy to oppose German rearmament

anschluss

The Nazi annexation of Austria into Germany in 1938. Would unite Germany speaking people, provide Germany with Austria resources and undermine the treaties that Hitler detested. it was forced though.

sudetenland

This crisis led to the annexation of this country region of Czechoslovakia by Nazi Germany. Hitler was deliberately stirring up these disturbances in order to justify a German invasion of Czechoslovakia in the guise of restoring order.

n. chamberlain

British prime minister in May 1937. A firm believer in the policy of appeasement, arguing that the best way of dealing with Hitler was by negotiation rather than confrontation. He finally accepted that appeasement had failed and declared war on Germany. (1939) resigned in May 1940 and died of cancer later that year.

appeasement

A policy of giving into, rather than confronting, demands made by agressive nations.

munich conference

A meeting between the leaders of Germany, Italy, France, and great Britain that took place in this place on sept 28-29, 1938

gleiwitz incident

A false flag attack on the radio station staged by the Nazi on the night of August 1939

bais

the support or opposition of a particular opinion in an unfair way such as by manipulating or distorting evidence.

abyssinia

An international crisis that took place in 1935 between the kingdom of Italy and the Ethopian empire

manchuria

a series of events in 1931-1933 that lead to Japan’s invasion of this country and the establishment of a puppet state

hoare-laual pact

Secret pact between Britain and France for ending the second Italo-Ethiopian war. they wanted to make Abyssinia an Italian colony.

World disarmament conference

A meeting of states in Geneva, Switerland to discuss reducing armaments preventing another world war.

Adolf Hitler

Moved to Munich 1913 and won medal for bravery in world war 1. later adopted an extreme right wing nationalist outlook and joined the German worker party. After years of commanding only tiny amount of support his party grew and he became Chancellor of Germany (1933). Quickly established dictatorship. His policies contributed to the outbreak of World war 2 (1939)

national socialist german workers party

known as the NAZIS. A far-right political party in Germany active between 1920-1935 that created and supported the ideology of nazism. Led by Hitler

stormtroppers

Nazi gangs that specifically used violence against Hitler’s opponents.

reichstag fire

was an arson attack on the Reichstag building, home of the German parliament in Berlin, 4 weeks after Hitler became Chancellor. Caused by an unemployed Butch construction worker Marinus Van der Lubbe set fire to the building. The Nazis blamed the communist for the fire and claimed emergency powers to crush all opposition

Enabling Acts

was a law that gave Hitler the power to rule Germany as a Dictator

night of long knives

destroyed all opposition to Hitler within the Nazi party and gave power to the brutal SS. it also led to the murder of 400 people without trial.

night of broken glass

The Nazi regime coordinate violence towards the Jewish people

third reich

The term used by Hitler that linked the present with Germany’s past glories. The first was the holy Roman empire. Second followed unification of Germany in 1871 and lasted until 1918