LAB EXAM 3

A hormone from the hypothalamus. It’s functions are labor and milk production

Oxytocin

A hormone from the hypothalamus. It’s functions are water reabsorption to increase blood pressure.

Antidiuretic hormone

A network of blood vesicles that allow hormones from the hypothalamus to travel to the anterior pituitary gland. Only Inhibiting and Releasing Hormones travel this way

Hypophyseal portal system

A neural bundle of unmyelinated axons connecting the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary. Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) and Oxytocin travel this way

Hypothalamohypophyseal tract

Hypothalamus

What is 1 and 2 labeled

1 - anterior pituitary gland
2- posterior pituitary gland

cells in the anterior pituitary gland that produce Adrenocorticotrophic hormone and Melanocyte stimulating factor

Corticotrophs

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone secretion location

Corticotrophs

Affects the adrenal glands. Stimulate the adrenal cortex to produce and release cortisol.

Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

Melanocyte stimulating factor secretion location

Corticotrophs

Cells in the anterior pituitary gland that produce follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone

Gonadotrophs

Follicle stimulating hormone secretion location

Gonadotrophs

Affects ovaries and testes . Stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles (egg maturation) in women and sperm production in men

Follicle stimulating hormone

Luteinizing hormone secretion location

Gonadotrophs

What is the function of Luteinizing hormone?

Affects the ovaries and testes

Cells in the anterior pituitary gland that produce prolactin

lactotrophs

What do lactotrophs secrete?

Prolactin

What is the function of Prolactin?

Affects milk production

Cells in the anterior pituitary gland that produce growth Hormone

Somatotrophs

affect growth, development, ad maintenance

Human Growth hormone

A cell in the anterior pituitary gland that produces thyroid stimulating hormone

Thyrotrophs

Thyrotrophs

Thyroid stimulating hormone secretion location

What hormone stimulates the thyroid gland?

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Infundibulum

Where the pituitary gland rests

Hypophyseal fossa of sphenoid bone

What’s in this picture?

Pineal gland

Thyroid gland

Cells between follicles that produce calcitonin

Parafollicular cells

decrees blood calcium levels

Calcitonin

Cells that make up the wall of a follicle. Produces T3 and T4

Follicular cells

What hormones regulate metabolslim

T4 and T3

Dark staining cells with central nucleus.

Chief cells in parathyroid

Large Pale staining cells with visable nucleus

Oxyphil cells

A hormone that increase blood calcium

Parathyroid hormone

What organ does this histology show?

Pineal Gland

What cells are theses?

Pinacocytes

What hormone do pinacocytes secrete?

Melatonin

What is the function of melatonin?

affect sleep and circadian rhythm

What organ is this?

Thymus

What hormone come from the thymus?

Thymosins

What is the function of Thymosins?

maturation of T cells to become immunocompetent

What heart cells can secrete hormones?

Atrial myocytes

What hormone does atrial myocytes secrete?

atrial natriuretic peptide

What is the function of atrial natriuretic peptide?

lowers blood pressure by promoting kidneys to remove salt and water from blood

Label the sections and zones

1- Adrenal Cortex
2- Zona glomerulosa
3- Zona Fasciculata
4- Zona Reticularis

What is the arrow pointing to?

Adrenal capsule

Adrenal gland

What is the most superficial zone of the adrenal cortex?

Zona glomerulosa

What hormones does the Zona glomerulosa produce?

Mineralocorticoids (Aldosterone)

What is the function of aldosterone?

increases blood pressure by increasing water reabsorption via sodium retention

What is the middle zone of the adrenal cortex?

Zona fasciculata

What hormones does the Zona fasciculata produce?

Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)

What does Glucocorticoids (Cortisol) do?

Regulate glucose metabolism during time of stress

What is the deepest zone of the adrenal cortex

Zona reticularis

What hormones does Zona reticularis produce

Androgen (Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA))

What is the function of Androgens (Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA))

production if androgens and estrogens

What is labeled here?

Adrenal medulla

What cells primally make up the Adrenal medulla?

Chromaffin cells

What hormones do Chromaffin cells produce?

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

What is the function of Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

fight or flight response

What portion of the kidneys produce hormones?

Renal corpuscle

What hormones does the Renal corpuscle produce?

Calcitriol, Erythropoietin, and Renin

What is the function of Renin?

regulate blood pressure

What is the function of calcitriol?

calcium absorption from intestines

What is the function of erythropoietin?

increase RBC formation

What part of the Pancreas secretes hormones?

Islets of Langerhans

What are the cells in Islets of Langerhans and what hormone do they produce?

Alpha - Glucagon
Beta - Insulin
Delta - Somatostatin
F Cells - Pancreatic polypeptide

What do Alpha cells in Islets of Langerhans produce?

Glucagon

What do Beta cells in Islets of Langerhans produce?

Insulin

What do Delta cells in Islets of Langerhans produce?

somatostatin

What do F cells in Islets of Langerhans produce?

Pancreatic polypeptide

What is the function of Glucagon

Raise blood glucose

What is the affect does insulin have

lowers blood glucose

What does somatostatin do?

regulate glucagon and insulin

What does pancreatic polypeptide do?

regulate acinar cells

What organ is this?

Pancreas

What are acinar cells?

dark staining cells that produce degestive enzymes

What is number 1?

Acinar Cells

What is number 2

pancreatic islet

What hormone comes from Liver lobules?

Insulin-like growth factor

What is the function of Insulin-like growth factor?

stimulate growth by acting with growth hormone