Evidence of Science and technology in Ancient times (3500 BC - 1200 in the old world)

Sumerian Civilization

Southern part of Mesopotamia; It is the cradle of the world's earliest known Civilization. It is also known as the "first cities" in the world

Summerian Technology

Cuneiform, clay tablet, the potter's wheel, Sailboat, the first astronomers, build the foundation of mathematics, logic, engineering,& etc., Sexagesimal System, Seed plow & Irrigation, and Wool

Cuneiform

the world's first system of writing, depicted by triangular marks around 3100 BC

Sumerian clay tablet

contains Sumerian historical information and culture.

the potter's wheel

this was a heavy flat disk made from hardened clay.

sailboat

a boat with a white piece of material that catches the wind. It is used for transportation for travel & trade

They are the "first astronomers"

Sumerians

the one who built the foundation of math, logic, engineering, architecture, agriculture, medicine and transportation

Sumerians

Sexagesimal System

the Mesopotamian system of counting by base 60 which served as the basis of 360° and 60 minute hour

seed plow and irrigation

systematized technique of farming

Arts of Bleaching and Dyeing

These are mastered by sumerians

Clay Tablet

it is used to write cuneiform on it

obelisk

A tall, four-sided pillar that is pointed on top. it is originally called "tekhenu" by the builders of ancient Egyptian

Sundial or shadow clock

was used by the Egyptians around 1000-5000 BC. This instrument will tell time by means of shadow. "Gnomon" is the shadow-producing device

Babylonian Civilization

Emerged near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It served as the capital, commercial and religious center of Tigris-Euphrates valley.

Babylonian Technology

they developed Hammurabi, Nebuchadnezzar II, Irrigation canals, made accurate predictions of solar & lunar eclipses

Hammurabi (1792-1750 BC)

He designed a legal code in early Babylon that gave punishment based on crime and social status. Relied on the principle of lex talionis.

Nebuchadnezzar II

Neo Babylonian Emperor who ordered the building of the famous "hanging gardens of Babylon" (seven wonders) and Ishtar Gate.

irrigation canals

technology contributed by Babylonians

Egyptian Civilization

emerged in the northeastern part of the African continent along the Nile River by about 3000 B.C.E.

They were the one who depended on Nile River

Ancient Egyptians

The first people who learn how to make glass

Ancient Egyptian

Papyrus

A long-lasting, paper-like material made from reeds

heigroglyphics

it is the Egyptian writing form of pictorial symbols

Embalming

process developed by the ancient Egyptians of preserving a person's body after death

IMHOTEP

the one who devised the first 365 day calendar

the one who created the moon phased calendar consists of 29 and 1/2 days

Egyptian

The first to divide day into 24 hours

Egyptian

Giza Necropolis

The oldest of the ancient wonders and the only one still in existence. it also means city of death

Great Sphinx

Huge monument "guarding" the great pyramid

pyramid

Huge, triangular shaped burial tombs of Egyptian pharaohs built during the Old Kingdom

Cretan (Minoan) Civilization

Arose on the island of Crete and other Aegean islands such as Santorini and flourished from approximately 2600 to 1400 BC.

Arthur Evans

archaeologist that discovered Minoan civilization on Crete

Will Durant

he referred to it as "the first link in the European chain"

Minoan Civilization

-An Aegean bronze age civilization civilization of Crete ruled by king Minos

Knossos (2100 and 1575 BC)

Minoan capital city, capital of Crete

Crete

A mountainous island with natural harbors located midway between Turkey, Egypt and Greece.