Chem naming

Covalent Bond

Formed from atoms sharing electrons, molecules

Diatomic elements

elements in nature bonded to themselves

H2

hydrogen

N2

nitrogen

O2

oxygen

F2

flourine

Cl2

chlorine

Br2

bromine

I2

iodine

How do you name covalent compounds (first element)

NEVER USE THE PREFIX MONO!!! Write with the correct prefix

How do you name covalent compounds (second element)

Write with the correct prefix, change ending to ide (you can use mono)

When o-o or a-o, _

first vowel is left out

H20

water

NH3

ammonia

How to write formulas for covalent compounds (first element)

Symbol and subscript based on the prefix (if no prefix = no subscript)

How to write formulas for covalent compounds (second element)

Symbol and subscript based on the prefix (after this dont reduct the subscripts)

Binary Acids

No oxygen (starts with hydro)

Oxyacids

contains oxygen (no hydro, starts with root of anion)

hydro_ic acid

ide

_ous acid

ite (sprite is delicious)

_ic acid

ate (i ate something icky)

How to write formulas for acids (first element)

Look at ending, see what the anion should end in and look on the back of periodic table

How to write formulas for acids (second element)

Add hydrogens to cancel out the charge

Ethane

C2H6

Hydrocarbons

carbon to carbon bond

alkanes

ends w -ane

Monkeys eat peeled bananas

meth eth prop but

Alkenes, Cyclic Hydrocarbons

CnH2n, -ene

Alkynes

CnH2n-2

Alcohols

drop the ane of the parent alkane name and add ending anol (CnH2n+1OH)

Acids

If it starts with H use the naming acids rules

Organic

Starts with C and contains H’s and maybe O’s

Ionic

If it starts with a metal/ammonium it is probably ionic

covalent

if it starts with a nonmetal (other than h/c) use binary rules