A2.2 Origin and Evolution of Cells

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4 Terms

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endosymbiosis

formation of compartmentalized eukaryotic cells resulting from the engulfing of prokaryotic cells (mitochondria and chloroplasts)

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evidence for endosymbiosis

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Evolution of multicellularity

  • all animals

  • all plants

  • some fungi

  • some algae

most cells within a multicellular organism cannot live on their own

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Advantages of multicellularity

  • longer lifespans

  • larger so they can fill different roles in ecosystems

  • can differentiate into different cell types (complexity and efficiency)

however most organisms on earth are unicellular, so being multicellular cannot be an advantage in all situations