CC LAB - FINALS WEEK 1 (GLUCOSE MEASUREMENT)

STANDARD SPECIMEN FOR GLUCOSE MEASUREMENT

VENOUS PLASMA GLUCOSE

FASTING GLUCOSE IN WHOLE BLOOD IS

10% to 15%

LOWER compared to serum/plasma glucose

FASTING GLUCOSE IN WHOLE BLOOD

Capillary blood glucose is

2 to 5 mg/dL

HIGHER THAN VENOUS BLOOD GLUCOSE

CAPILLARY BLOOD GLUCOSE

LOWER compared to arterial blood glucose

VENOUS BLOOD GLUCOSE

How to convert whole blood glucose into serum/plasma level?

Multiply values by 1.15

Plasma glucose is _____ LOWER compared to serum (old studies)

5%

Fasting Hours

8 to 10 hours (not longer than 16 hours)

Allowable delay (separation of cells from serum)

30 to 60 minutes

LOWERS glucose by 5% to 75 (5 to 10 mg/dL) per hour

GLYCOLYSIS

CSF Glucose concentration:

60 to 70% of plasma, collect specimen 1-2 hours before spinal tap

GUIDELINES FOR OGTT: Intake of normal to high CHO diet (at least 150g CHO/day for 3 days)

PRIOR THE TEST

GUIDELINES FOR OGTT: Overnight fasting of at least

8 to 10 hours

GUIDELINES FOR OGTT: Patient should be ______, refrain from exercise, eating, drinking (Except water) and smoking.

AMBULATORY

Adult glucose load is

75g

Children glucose load is

1.75g/kg (max 75g)

Patients who are unable to tolerate large CHO load.

Patients with altered gastric physiology of GI d/o

Indications of IVGTT

OGTT stands for?

Oral glucose tolerance tests

IVGTT stands for?

Intravenous Glucose Tolerance Test

Methods for IVGTT:

Janney-Isaacson (single dose)

Exton Rose (divide oral dose or double dose)

Used for diagnosis except in patients with hemoglobinopathies or abnormal RBC turnover.

HbA1C

SPECIMEN FOR HbA1C

EDTA-WHOLE BLOOD

Gold standard method for HbA1C testing

HPLC

Patients with shorter RBC lifespans will have ______ HbA1C

DECREASED

Principle of Hagedorn Jensen / Ferric reduction

INVERSE COLORIMETRY

Principle of Orthotoluidine (DUBOWSKI method)

Protein precipiation

Principle of Colorimetric-Saifer Gernstenfield

Uses TRINDER REACTION

1 mg/dL = 0.0555 mmol/L

1 mmol/L = 18.018 mg/dL

CONVERSION FACTOR

<40 mg/dL and >500 mg/dL

CRITICAL/PANIC VALUES

FASTING PLASMA GLUCOSE:

70 to 110 mg/dL

REFERENCE METHOD / MOST SPECIFIC GLUCOSE METHOD

HEXOKINASE METHOD

converts alpha glucose to beta glucose

MUTAROTASE

HbA1C

HPLC is gold standard method for ________ testing

36 mg/dL

For every 1% change in HbA1C value, there is ______ (2mmol/L) change in plasma glucose.