VT 100 Lab 1 Directional Terms/Knots

Directional Terminology

Rostral

Nose end of the head

Caudal

Toward the tail

Cranial

Toward the head

Medial

Toward midline

Lateral

Away from midline

Proximal

Nearest the midline or the beginning of a structure

Distal

Farthest from the midline or farthest from the beginning of the structure

Palmar

Caudal surface of the front paw including the carpus

Plantar

Caudal surface of the hind paw including the tarsus

Dorsal

Referring to the back

Ventral

Referring to the underside

Sternal Recumbency

Lying on the sternum

Dorsal Recumbency

Lying on the back

Lateral Recumbency

Lying on the side

Adduction

Movement toward midline

Abduction

Movement away from midline

Flexion

Closure of a joint angle

Extension

Straightening a joint

Supination

Rotating limb so that the palmar surface is turned upward

Pronation

Rotating limb so that the palmar surface is turned downward

Supra-

Above, beyond, excessive

Ileum

Distal part of small intestine

Ilium

Part of pelvic bone

Congenital

Something that is present at birth

What it’s a knot?

An intertwining of one or two ropes in which the pressure of the standing part of the rope alone prevents the end from slipping.

Standing part

This is the longer (typically) end of the rope or the part attached to the animal

Running (working) end

The shorter (often) end of the rope that you can freely move about that is used to create the knot.

A bight

A sharp bend in the rope

A loop

A complete circle formed in the rope

Rope Terminology Diagram

• Overhand = Running over standing

• Underhand = standing over running

A throw

One part of the rope is wrapped around another to make a part of a knot

Square knot

• will not come untied or tighten if pressure is applied to both ends

• It is easily untied when the opposite ends are pushed together

• “Right over left”

  “Left over right”

• “Working end” over “standing end”

Granny knot

• Not useful; will slip

• “Left over right” “left over right” or vice versus

• “Standing over running” “Standing over running”

Surgeons knot

• A surgeon’s knot is used when a load cannot be secured because the first throw loosens while the second is being placed.  This occurs in surgery when the skin is tight and will not stay closed as the surgeon tries to make the next throw

• throw two rights over lefts on the first throw, then go left over right on the top throw

• Remember to use the same end that made the first throw to continue making each throw

Honda knot

• Aka Bowstring or lariat knot

• this knot can be used to make an especially small loop because it is circular instead of oval, like most loops

Halter Tie/ Quick Release knot

• The halter tie is a quick release knot that should always be used to secure an animal to an unmoving object

• If the animal become entangled in the rope or panics for any reason, a quick pull on the end of the rope releases the animal

• Standing and free, working and make a loop with working and over understanding and.

• Pinch working and and push pinched working and through working and hole

• Pull standing and tight

Bowline knot

Leash Dog Muzzle

• Start with a throw with the knot on the dorsal aspect of the muscle

• Cross the ends under the jaw. Do not attempt to make another throw under the chin

• Keep leash/gauze tight the whole time, otherwise the dog will get out of the muzzle

• Bring the ends behind the ears and tie them FIRMLY in a bow. The muzzle needs to be fairly tight otherwise the dog may remove it with a paw

Tie Down to Surgery Table

• Honda knot/loop/half hitch