AP Hug 4.1-4.5 examples

Statless Nation

Kurds, palestinians, tuareg, rohingya

Multistate nation

Koreans, Arabs, Germans

Nation State

Japan, Iceland

Semi - autonomous regions

Navuavat

Autonomous region

Greenland, Scotland

Decolonization

Africa, Asia 1950s-1970s

Self determination

Kurds, South Sudan, Palestinians

Devolution

Scotland, Catalonia

Cold War (1940s - 1990s)

Long period of tension between US and its allies and the USSr and its allies. Capitalism (USA), communism (USSR)

Korean War (1950-1953)

Began when communist North Korea invaded South Korea, leading to US and UN to support South K and China and the Soviet Union to support North K

Vietnam War (1955-1975)

The US supported South Vietnam to stop spread of communism, while North Vietnam was backed by USSR and China.

Cuban Missile Crisis

When US discovered Soviet Nuclear missiles in Cuba, leading to tense standoff.

Satellite States in The Cold War

East Germany and Poland under Soviet influence

Shatterbelts

Balkans, Southeast Asia, Middle East

Neocolonialism

IMF, World Bank

Choke Points

Strait of Hormuz, Panama Canal

Antecedent Boundary

US - Canada border, Himalayas, andes mountains

Consequent/ethnographic

North Ireland/Ireland, Yugoslavia, India/Pakistan

Subsequent

Europe, Northern Irleand/ republic of ireland

Geometric

US-Canada 49th parallel, Africa - Egypt Libya border

Open Boundaries

Any boundary between states in the US

Relic Boundary

Berlin War

Militarized Boundary

North and South Korea

Definitional Boundary Dispute

Chile + Argentina w/ Andes Mountains

Locational / Territorial boundary dispute

Palestine + Israel, Sudan + south sudan

Operational / Functional Boundary dispute

US - Mexico disputes over migration + security

Allocational boundary dispute

South China Sea (oil, fish), Kashmir

Exclave

Alaska

Enclave

Lesotho

South Sudan and sudan

• Sudan got colonized by Britain

• North = mostly Arab + Muslim

• South = mostly African + Christian/Animist

• when south gained independence, north controlled government

• south was politically + economically ignored

• after decades of civil war, south Sudan = independent in 2011

Religious and ethnic conflict(Muslim north + Christian south)

Rwanda

• Belgium colonized Rwanda + favored Tutsi minority

• Ethnic identities (hutu + Tutsi) exaggerated by colonizers.

• After independence, Hutu majority gained power

• In 1994, extremist Hutu leaders Genocide against tutsis

Ireland + UK

• ireland controlled by Britain

• Northern Ireland had many protestants = wanted to stay british

• Southern Ireland mostly catholic = wanted independence

• In 1992, Ireland partitoned

• Republic of Ireland = independent, North Ireland = stayed w/ UK

• Conflict continued in North until peace agreements

Yugoslavia

• Was multiethnic, communist state

• groups included Serbs, Croats, Bosniaks

• After cold War, ethnic tensions increased

• regions wanted independence

• country violently broke apart in 1990s