Neurological Disorders and Conditions

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to various neurological disorders discussed in the lecture.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

A disease affecting the brain and spinal cord by damaging protective coverings on nerve fibers, causing neurological symptoms.

Myelin Sheath

Protective covering on nerve fibers that is mistakenly attacked by the immune system in multiple sclerosis.

Symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis

Range from fatigue and numbness to vision problems and difficulty walking, varying widely among individuals.

Parkinson's Disease

A progressive neurological disorder that gradually affects movement due to the degeneration of specific brain cells.

Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease

Include tremors, muscle stiffness, and impaired balance, impacting daily activities.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

A progressive neurodegenerative disorder leading to muscle weakness and loss of motor function.

Symptoms of ALS

Muscle weakness, loss of motor function, and paralysis as the disease progresses.

Myasthenia Gravis

A chronic autoimmune disorder disrupting communication between nerves and muscles, causing weakness.

Guillain-Barre Syndrome

Occurs when the immune system mistakenly targets the nerves, causing muscle weakness and sometimes paralysis.

Encephalitis

An inflammation of the brain commonly caused by viral infections, leading to symptoms such as fever and confusion.

Meningitis

Inflammation of the meninges, caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infections, leading to severe complications if untreated.

Trigeminal Neuralgia

A chronic pain disorder affecting the trigeminal nerve, causing intense facial pain triggered by simple activities.

Bell's Palsy

A condition causing sudden facial weakness or paralysis, linked to inflammation of the facial nerve.

Symptom Management

Focuses on managing symptoms and slowing the progression of neurological diseases to improve quality of life.