Untitled Flashcards Set

Henry Cabot Lodge

A U.S. senator from Massachusetts and key leader opposing U.S. membership in the League of Nations after World War I.

Self-determination

The principle that nations and peoples have the right to choose their own government and political status.

Reparations

Payments made by a defeated nation to victors after a war to compensate for damage and losses.

Mobilization

The process of preparing military forces for war, including the assembly of troops and resources.

Liberty Bonds

War bonds sold to the American public during World War I to help finance military expenses.

Spanish Flu

A deadly influenza pandemic that spread globally in 1918-1919, killing millions worldwide.

Schenck v United States

A 1919 Supreme Court case ruling that limited speech posing a clear and present danger to national security.

Selective Service Act

A 1917 U.S. law authorizing the draft of men into military service during World War I.

The Red Scare (1st)

A period of intense fear of communism in the U.S. after World War I, leading to suppression of labor movements.

Palmer Raids

Raids conducted by the U.S. government in 1919-1920 aimed at arresting suspected radicals and communists.

Nativism

A policy favoring the interests of native-born citizens over immigrants, often linked to anti-immigrant sentiments.

Sacco & Vanzetti

Two Italian immigrants controversially convicted of murder in 1921, sparking protests over their trial.

The Great Migration

The mass movement of African Americans from the rural South to urban areas in search of better opportunities.

Fundamentalism

A religious movement emphasizing the literal interpretation of religious texts, particularly the Bible.

Traditionalism

The belief in maintaining traditional values and practices, often in opposition to modernity.

Henry Ford

An American industrialist known for founding the Ford Motor Company and revolutionizing the automobile industry.

Assembly Line Process

A manufacturing method allowing mass production by having workers perform a single repetitive task.

Art Deco

A design style from the 1920s and 1930s characterized by bold geometric shapes and modern materials.

Charles Lindbergh

An American aviator famous for the first solo nonstop transatlantic flight in 1927.

Modernism

A cultural movement that embraced new ideas in art and literature, rejecting traditional forms.

Scopes Trial

A 1925 trial highlighting the conflict between modern scientific ideas and traditional religious beliefs.

“Scarface” Al Capone

A notorious gangster known for dominating Chicago's organized crime during the Prohibition era.

Margaret Sanger

A birth control activist who founded the American Birth Control League, advocating for reproductive rights.

Harlem Renaissance

A cultural movement in the 1920s showcasing African American literature, music, and art.

“Jazz Age”

A term describing the 1920s marked by the popularity of jazz music and social experimentation.

Marcus Garvey

A Jamaican political leader who promoted Black nationalism and the 'Back to Africa' movement.

Warren G. Harding

The 29th President known for his 'Return to Normalcy' campaign after World War I.

“Return to Normalcy”

A campaign slogan emphasizing a desire for pre-war stability and avoidance of international conflicts.

Teapot Dome

A 1920s scandal involving the secret leasing of U.S. Navy oil reserves in Wyoming.

Calvin Coolidge

The 30th President known for his pro-business policies and limited government intervention.

Herbert Hoover

The 31st President whose term was marked by the onset of the Great Depression.

Alfred E. Smith

The first Roman Catholic candidate for president, running for the Democratic Party in 1928.

Great Depression

A severe worldwide economic downturn beginning in 1929 with the stock market crash.

Black Tuesday

October 29, 1929, the day the U.S. stock market crashed, signaling the Great Depression's onset.

Federal Reserve

The central banking system of the United States, regulating national monetary policy.

Hawley-Smoot Tariff

A 1930 law raising tariffs on imports, intended to protect American businesses.

Bonus Army/Bonus March

A group of WWI veterans who marched in 1932 to demand early payment of a promised bonus.

RFC (Reconstruction Finance Corporation)

A government agency created in 1932 to provide financial support during the Great Depression.

19th Amendment

The 1920 amendment granting women the right to vote in the United States.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

The 32nd President who implemented the New Deal and led the country through the Great Depression.

21st Amendment

The 1933 amendment that repealed Prohibition, allowing legal alcohol sale.

Three Rs

Core principles of Roosevelt's New Deal: Relief, Recovery, and Reform.

First New Deal

A series of programs and policies in the 1930s addressing the Great Depression.

Fireside Chats

Radio broadcasts by FDR communicating directly with the American people about his policies.

New Deal Programs

Key programs aimed at economic recovery, such as the AAA, PWA, CCC, TVA, NRA, SEC, FHA, CWA, and WPA.

FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)

A government agency insuring deposits in banks, protecting depositors in case of bank failure.

Social Security Act

A 1935 law creating a system of retirement pensions and unemployment insurance.

Eleanor Roosevelt

The wife of FDR and a prominent activist for civil rights and social reform.