PSY 100 Exam #2 Study Guide

A comprehensive set of flashcards to help prepare for PSY 100 Exam #2, covering key concepts from developmental psychology, sensation and perception, and more.

Teratogen

An agent or factor that causes malformation or abnormal development of an embryo or fetus.

Critical Period

A specific time during development when certain skills or abilities are most easily learned.

Object Permanence

The understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be observed.

Assimilation

The process of incorporating new experiences into existing schemas.

Accommodation

The process of altering existing schemas, or creating new ones, to incorporate new information.

Piaget's 4 Stages of Cognitive Development

The four key stages are: Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational.

Secure Attachment

A strong emotional bond characterized by trust and a reliable caregiver.

Insecure Avoidant Attachment

An attachment style characterized by a lack of interest in a caregiver's presence and avoidance of closeness.

Insecure Resistant Attachment

An attachment style marked by anxiety and uncertainty, with ambivalence towards the caregiver.

Temperament

The innate personality characteristics of a child, which can influence their behavior and emotional responses.

4 Parenting Styles

Authoritative, Authoritarian, Permissive, and Uninvolved, each differing in demandingness and responsiveness.

Androgyny

A blend of both masculine and feminine traits in individuals.

Kohlberg's Theory of Morality

A theory proposing that moral reasoning develops through a series of stages.

Absolute Threshold

The minimum intensity of a stimulus that can be detected 50% of the time.

Sensory Adaptation

The decrease in sensitivity to a constant stimulus over time.

Monocular Cues

Depth cues that can be perceived with one eye.

Gestalt Psychology

A psychological approach that studies perceptions as wholes rather than as individual elements.

Phantom Limb Sensations

Feelings of sensations or pain in a limb that has been amputated.

Vestibular Sense

A sense that contributes to balance, located in the inner ear.

Chemical Senses

Senses that involve detecting chemicals, specifically smell and taste.

Kinesthetic Sense

The sense that provides information about body position and movement.