APUSH PEOPLE

Bartolome de Las Casas

• A Spanish priest traveling with the colonizers. Tried to advocate against the brutal treatment he witnessed of the Natives.

• Was not successful as exploitation continued.

King James I

• Chartered the Virginia Company to found Jamestown in 1607(the first colony)

Roger Williams

Founded what colony?

• Puritan minister who founded Providence in 1631 with a bunch of his followers from England

• (Rhode Island)

William Penn(Versions 1 & 2)

• V.1 Was given a charter from the Royal family

• V.2 (Son) Was a Quaker and inherited the land given, making it a haven for Quakers and pretty much everyone

• Did not cheat Natives

Jonathan Edwards & George Whitefield

Preachers of what?

• Preachers of the Great Awakening

John Locke

• Major influence drawing on the ideas of the ENLIGHTENMENT

• Provided reasoning for the American Revolution & U.S constitution

King George III

• The dude passing all the taxes on the Colonists

• Some highlights include: Sugar act, Quartering Act and the Stamp Act

• Made the Colonists mad

Samuel Adams

• A known instigator of the American Revolution

• Created the Committee of Correspondence in 1772 to keep an eye out for suspicious Brit activity

• Founding member of the Sons of Liberty

Thomas Paine

Wrote what?

• Wrote and published a pamphlet called “Common Sense”

• Advocated for Independence from Britain

• Attacked the idiocracy of a nation ruling another across the Atlantic in clear and concise language much like these flashcards

• Rallied colonists together… to eat ramen and strive for firemen in arms of the boogy monster

George Washington

Role in the Revolutionary War?

President during what years that coincided with what Revolution?

Foreign Policy?

• Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army

• Served from 1789-1793 and coincided with the French Revolution

• Neutral/No involvement

Bonuses:

• Chairperson in Constituitional Convention

James Madison

Co-otter of the ___________ Papers

President during what war?

• Fourth President of the United States

• Key architect of the Constitution, and co-author of the Federalist Papers.

• President during the War of 1812

John Adams

• 2nd President of the United StatesA Founding Father and a leading advocate for independence from Britain. He played a crucial role in the American Revolution, served as a diplomat in Europe, and was a key figure in drafting the Declaration of Independence.

Thomas Jefferson

Known for the __________ purchase

• Anti Federalist

• 3rd President of the United States

• Oversaw the Louisiana Purchase and the Lewis and Clark Expedition, emphasizing westward expansion.

• Supported an agrarian economy

John Marshall

Who was he?

What ideas did he support?

Influential because of what case?

Marshall was a Federalist judge, Jefferson’s cousin from Virginia and was appointed chief justice for 34 years. 

• Marshall was a strong influence in the supreme court, and even Dem-Reps sided with Marshall at times 

• Marshall favored the powers of the federal government 

In Marbury vs. Madison

Marshall set that the Supreme Court could exercise power to decide whether an act of Congress(or president) was allowed by the Constitution. Meaning, they could now overrule actions from the other 2 branches of government. 

James Monroe

Known for the _______ Doctrine

Foreign Policy was characterized by:

• 5th President of the United States,

• known for the Monroe Doctrine which asserted American influence in the Western Hemisphere and warned European powers against further colonization or intervention.

• His foreign policy was used in later years

• Era was called “Era of good feelings”

• He was super aggressive and was an expansionalist(Florida)

• He DESTOYED the Barbary Pirates

Robert Fulton

Invented what?

• Invented the Steamboat

• Revolutionizing transportation and contributed to the industrialrevolution by enabling efficient movement of goods and people along rivers and canals.

Eli Whitney

Invented what?

Introduced the concept of ___________ parts

• Cotton gin

• Interchangeble parts

Samuel Slater

Stole what(conceptual)

• Stole factory designs from the British and brought them to the U,S to open his very own textile factory(1792)

Andrew Jackson

_th President

Why did he win the 1829 election?

Dubbed “Protector of the _______ ___”

Known for the ___________ crisis

• Won the 1829 election mostly because of his war hero status and reputation rather than his policies

• Strong symbol of the working class(7th President)

• Did not receive a college education

• WAS the land hungry frontier pushing settler and his policies reflected that: Indian Removal Act

• Nullification Crisis, where he swiftly dealt with South Carolina

Martin Van Buren

Was loyal to who?

Came into office during what crisis?

• Loyal to Andrew Jackson and hence was supported to become the nominee in the 1836 election

• Came into office during the Panic of 1837, which was a financial crisis that led to a severe economic depression.

• Mostly kept continuing Jackson’s legacy

John Tyler

Relationship with William Henry Harrison?

Affiliated with what Party but supported the _________s party more

• John Tyler was the 10th President due to being elected Vice President to Harrison who shortly died after elected

• He was part of the Whig party but his policies and vetoes supported Democratic values more(Southern expansionist)

Ralph Waldo Emerson & Henry David Thoreau

Who were they?

What ideas did they preach?

• Transcendentalists and expressed the romanticism ideas of the 1850’s

• They emphasized individuality, self-reliance, and the connection between nature and humanity.

Sarah & Angelina Grimké

Became leaders of the ______ movement

Campaigned for what other movement?

• Anti-Slavery movement

• Campaigned for Women’s Rights after being barred from speaking at a anti-slavery convention

William Lloyd Garrison

Published what newspaper?

Founded what movement, why?

• Published the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator

• Was a very radical abolitionist, founding the American Antislavery Society and advocating for immediate emancipation of all enslaved people.

Frederick Douglass

• Black abolitionist

• Very influential

Dred Scott & Chief Justice Roger Taney

Involved in the infamous Dred Scott v. Sanford case

John Brown

• Radical Abolitionist who believed violence was the answerto ending slavery, leading an armed insurrection at Harpers Ferry in 1859

Jefferson Davis

• Elected President of the Confederate States of America

Robert E. Lee

• Amazing general in the Confederate Army

• Contributed to wins early in the Civil War

Ulysses S. Grant

• Effective general for the Union during the Civil War

• As President, his term was embroiled with corruption

Andrew Johnson

• 17th President and Lincoln’s successor

• Vetoed many bills, leading to the alienation of many groups

• Helped get all Confederate states get restored into the Union(11)

Blanche K. Bruce and Hiram Revels

Were the first what?

• First African Americans to serve in the Senate

Ida B. Wells

Bishop Henry Turner

Booker T. Washington

• Civil Rights activists during the 1800’s opposing segregation and lynching

Henry Bessemer & William Kelly

Thomas Edison

George Westinghouse

• Inventors and scientists in the 1800’s who pioneered scientific advancements in steel production and electrical engineering.

Cornelius Vanderbilt

• Monopoly of Railroads

Andrew Carnegie

• Monopoly of Steel industry

• Preached the “Gospel of Wealth” to promote philanthropy and social responsibility among the wealthy.

William Jennings Bryan

• Advocated for anti-imperialism and was kind towards foreign nations and global peace

Theodore Roosevelt

• Progressive President

• Known for the square deal(took the side of the workers), food and drug regulations, and conservation of nature

Booker T. Washington

W. E. B. Du Bois

Sigmund Freud

Influenced what ideas?

Eleanor Roosevelt

Was impressive in what sense?

Provided what to FDR

Dwight E. Eisenhower

Played what role in WW2

Allowing him to become _________ in 1952

Embodied the idea of ________ Republicanism

John Foster Dulles

Called for what during the Cold War?

Nikita Khrushchev

Signified the end of what?

Resulted in improved relations with U.S why?

Joseph McCarthy

Contributed to what fear in America at the time?

Martin Luther King Jr.

Was a practitioner of ________ protests

Lyndon Johnson

Creator of the _____ Society programs

Liberal yay or nay

Malcolm X

Was the opposite of who?

called for what?

César Chávez & Dolores Huerta

Contributed to what movement