Sports Medicine & Health Sciences Study Guide

the primary goal of sports medicene is to

prevent, diagnose, and treat injuires

Certified Athletic Trainers work under the supervision of a

Physician

The professional who specializes in rehabilitation of injuires is

a Physiatrist

Athletic trainers are certified by the

Board of Certification

A typical sports medicene team includes:

physicians, athletic trainers, and physical therapists

Overtraining can result in

decreased performance, chronic fatige, mood changes

A preseason physcial includes:

Comprehensive medical history review, height, weight, vital sign checks

A common sign of heat exhuastion is

Heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea, headache, muscle cramps

Athletes should hydrate

consistantly before, during, and after activity

An acute injury occurs

suddenly often dramatically, due to trauma or after a fall, sprain or break

Chronic injuires are usally caused by

overuse, repetitive motions, or improper technique over time

RICE stands for

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation

Tight hamstrings are best treated with

gentle, regular strecthing

A strain affects the

muscle or tendon

a sprain affects the

ligaments

Ice is best used for

reduced swelling and pain from acute injuires

Heat is best used for

muscle stiffness and chronic pain relief

Cryotherapy should be applied for

varying durations depending on the goal

Heat should NOT be used on

acute injuries (sprains, strains, or bruises)

Contrast therapy alternates between

hot packs/saunas or ice packs/cryotherapy or contrast showers

A risk of prolonged icing is

tissue damage, nerve damage or delayed healing

Heat packs cause

vasodilation

Cold therapy reduces

inflammation, swelling, pain, muscle spasms, and nerve activity

Examples of moist heat include:

boiling, steaming, simmering, poaching, stewing, braising, & autoclaving

ice massage is ideal for

reducing pain, swelling, and inflammation in muscles and joints, helping with acute injuries

The main purpose of taping is to

provide support, stability, and compression to an injured part of the body

Before taping, the skin should be

clean, dry, and free of oils, lotions, or hair

Anchors are applied

to the bone for fixation

Ankle stirrups are

excessive ankle movement

Heel locks provide

accidental or inadvertant energizing

wrist taping helps prevent

sprains, strains, & hyperextension

pre-wrap is to

protect skin from athletic tape’s adhesive, & prevent chaffing

Tape that is too tight may cuase

Constriction

Ankle taping is most effective

injury prevention and post-injury support

Tape should be removed using

gentle, slow pulling at a shallow angle

A hospital that treats many conditions is called a

general hospital

Long-term car facilites serve

individuals needing ongoing medical, personal, and supportive care

Hospice focues on

improving the quality of life and dignity for terminally ill

Outpatient care means

medical services provided without public services

Rehabilitation centers focus on

helping individuals regain function, & independence

urgent care centers treat

non-life threatening illnesses, and minor illnesses and minor injuries that need prompt attention

A clinic is

a healthcare facility far outpatient care

Mental health facilites treat

emotional difficulties & behavioral problems

Assisted living provides

a blend of housing, support and care

Emergency rooms are for

severe, life-threatening illnesses, injuries & 24/7 care

Ambulatory care means

healthcare services provided on an outpatient basis

A group of doctors sharing equipment is called a

group practice

A deductible is

the amount you pay out of your pocket for covered services before your insurance pays

A premium is

a periodic payment to keep an insurance policy active

A co-pay is

a fixed fee paid for a specific health service

Medicaid is designed for

low-income, families, children, pregnant, elderly & disabilites

Medicare Part A covers

impatient hospital care, & nursing care

Medicare Part B covers

nessacery doctor services, outpatient care, preventive service

PPO insurance allows

you to see any doctor or specialist

HMO insurance allows

you to choose a primary care provider

Workers compensation covers

medical care, lost wages, rehabilitation, and death benefits for employees made ill or injured by their job

TRICARE provides coverage for

military members, retires, & their families

A phlebotomist

Draws blood from patients for tests, transfusions, or donations

An EMT provides

basic emergency medical care, assesment & transportation for critical & emergency patients

A radiologic technologist performs

X-rays, CTs, & MRIs

A dietitian specializes in

food & nutrition science

A CNA assists with

bathing, dressing, eating, toileting

A pharmacist is responsible for

dispensing perscription medications

A physician assistant (PA) can

diagnose illnesses, develop & manage treatment plans

An orthopedic surgeon treats

Broken bones & fractures, sports injuries, arthritis & chronic pain

A cardiologist specializes in

Diagnosing & treating conditions of the heart & blood vessels

A dermotologist treats

skin, hair, nails

A respiratory therapist works with

people with breathing problems, patients with lung disease, indiciduals needing help with breathing

A medical coder handles

medical diagnosis, treatments, & procedures

A chiropractor foccuses on

musculoskeletal & nervous system

A paramedic can

asses, stabilize & treat patient in emergency situations

A nurse practitioner can

examine, diagnose, treat patient, perform exams & refer patients

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The first step in patient assessment is

Ensure scene saftey

ABCs stand for

Airway, Breathing, Circulation

The adult CPR compression rate is

100 to 120 compression per minuete

An AED is used when

A person has collapsed, is unresponsive & not breathing

The recovery position is used for

unconscious but breathing individuals

The first step to control breathing is

open the airway

Signs of shock include

pale, cool, clammy skin, rapid weak pulse, fast shallow breathing

The purpose of splinting is

to immobilize an injured area

The primary survey checks

immediate, life-threatening conditions

EMTs document care using

Patient Care Report (PCR)

A contusion is

a bruise

A laceration is

a jaagged or irregular tear in the skin or flesh

A compression fracture occurs when

a vertebrae collapses or becomes compressed

Greenstick fractures are most common in

children under 10 years old

Stress fractures are caused by

repetitive force or overuse

-Brady means

Slow

-Hyper means

excessive, high, beyond, over normal

Derm refers to

skin, hair, nails and, mucous membranes

Arthroscopy means

surgical procedure using a scope to look at the joints

The suffix -itis means

inflammation of a body part