Learning Theories

What are learning theories?

Conceptual frameworks that help understand how individuals gain knowledge, develop skills, and change behaviors.

What is behaviorism?

A learning theory focusing on observable actions and responses, emphasizing how external influences shape behavior.

Who is associated with classical conditioning?

Ivan Pavlov.

What does operant conditioning explain?

How behaviors are strengthened or weakened through reinforcement and punishment.

What key strategies does Skinner suggest for effective teaching?

Clear goals, feedback, practice, and mastery of skills.

What is cognitivism?

A theory that focuses on understanding mental processes such as thinking, remembering, and problem-solving.

What do mental schemas help learners do?

Organize and interpret information.

What is Bloom's Taxonomy?

A framework classifying educational objectives into six levels of cognitive complexity.

What are the six levels of Bloom's revised taxonomy?

Remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating.

How does information processing theory relate to cognitivism?

It compares human cognitive functions to computer processes, focusing on input, storage, and retrieval of information.

What does constructivism emphasize in learning?

Active learning, student-centered instruction, and knowledge construction through personal experiences.

Who is known for the concept of self-directed learning in constructivism?

Maria Montessori.

What does the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) represent?

The gap between what a learner can do independently and what they can achieve with guidance.

What role does the More Knowledgeable Other (MKO) play in learning?

Provides support and guidance within the Zone of Proximal Development.

What did John Dewey contribute to education?

He is considered the founder of Constructivism.

How do teachers typically use learning theories in the classroom?

By combining several theories to meet the varying needs of students and address different learning objectives.