HWS sem 1 final (people)

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70 Terms

1

wendi

Definition: Sui dynasty emperor in China (581-604 CE) who reunified the country after a period of fragmentation.

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2

Genghis Khan

Definition: Founder of the Mongol Empire in the 13th century, known for his military leadership and the creation of one of the largest empires in history.

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3

empress dowager

Definition: A title for the mother of an emperor who served as regent when the emperor was too young or unable to rule.

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4

Kublai Khan

Definition: Grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Yuan Dynasty in China, known for expanding Mongol rule.

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5

Chiang Kai-Shek

Definition: Chinese political and military leader who led the Nationalist government before and during the early stages of World War II.

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6

Sun Yat-sen

Definition: A key figure in the Chinese revolution, founder of the Republic of China, and leader of the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party).

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7

mao Zedong

Definition: Founding father of the People's Republic of China, leader of the Chinese Communist Party, and key figure in the Chinese Revolution.

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8

Marco polo

Definition: Venetian explorer known for his travels to Asia in the 13th century and his influential book, "Il Milione," which introduced Europeans to Asian cultures.

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9

Dalai Lama

Definition: The spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism, believed by followers to be the reincarnation of the Bodhisattva of Compassion.

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10

Buddha

Definition: Siddhartha Gautama, the founder of Buddhism, who attained enlightenment and taught the path to liberation from suffering.

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11

confucius (kong fu zi)

Definition: Chinese philosopher and teacher whose ideas on ethics, morality, and social relationships form the basis of Confucianism.

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12

Lao Zi

Definition: Ancient Chinese philosopher and founder of Daoism, emphasizing living in harmony with the Dao, or the "Way."

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13

Mongol horde

Definition: The Mongol military forces led by Genghis Khan and his successors, known for their swift and organized conquests.

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14

Manchus

ethnic group establishing the qing dynasty in china

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15

Xia

Legendary first dynasty of China, considered semi-mythical.

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16

han

Chinese dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE) known for contributions to literature, arts, and Silk Road expansion.

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17

qing

Last imperial dynasty of China (1644-1912), established by the Manchus

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18

Yuan

Chinese dynasty (1271-1368) established by Kublai Khan, marking Mongol rule in China

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19

Shang

One of the earliest Chinese dynasties (c. 1600–1046 BCE) known for writing system and bronze artifacts

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20

qin

Short-lived but significant Chinese dynasty (221–206 BCE) that unified China

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21

sui

Chinese dynasty (581–618 CE) that laid the foundation for reunification.

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22

ming

Chinese dynasty (1368–1644) known for naval expeditions and construction of the Forbidden City.

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23

tang

Chinese dynasty (618–907 CE) known for cultural achievements, including poetry, painting,literature

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24

africa

second largest continent, diverse cultures, and geagraphy

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25

Mansa musa

emperor of mali empire in the 14 century

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26

FW DeKlerk

last President of apartheid-era South Africa. He played a crucial role in dismantling apartheid policies and advocating for reforms.

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27

Nelson Mandela

anti-apartheid revolutionary and the first black president of South Africa

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28

Ibn Batuta

Moroccan explorer and scholar who traveled extensively throughout the Islamic world and beyond during the 14th century. His writings provide valuable insights into the societies he encountered

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29

Matthew Perry

U.S. Navy officer known for his role in opening Japan to the West. His arrival in 1854 marked the end of Japan's isolationist policies.

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30

Daimyo

powerful Japanese feudal lords who controlled vast land holdings during the feudal period and played a significant role in the political and military landscape.

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31

emperor

the highest monarch but often serves as a symbolic and ceremonial figurehead

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32

Feudal System

Social and economic structure based on land ownership and hierarchical relationships. It was prevalent in medieval Europe and Japan

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33

Minamoto Yoritomo

Japanese samurai and the founder of the Kamakura shogunate, marking a shift in political power during the feudal era

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34

Samurai

members of the Japanese warrior class during the feudal period. They adhered to a code of ethics known as bushido and served feudal lords

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35

Shogunate

military government of Japan led by a shogun

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36

the fujiwara

influential Japanese family during the Heian period that held significant political power through strategic marriages with the imperial family

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37

Shogun

military dictator of Japan during the feudal era. The position held immense power, effectively controlling the government and military.

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38

Tokugawa Ieyasu

Japanese daimyo and the founder of the Tokugawa shogunate. His victory at the Battle of Sekigahara solidified his control over Japan.

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39

Yamato Clan

the imperial family of Japan, tracing its lineage back to mythical origins. It has been central to Japan's historical identity

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40

Hirohito

emperor of Japan during World War II. His reign witnessed significant historical events, including the surrender and post-war reconstruction.

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41

Mutsuhito

also known as the Meiji Emperor, played a key role in the Meiji Restoration, marking a period of modernization and Westernization in Japan

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42

Kyoiku Mama

overly ambitious mother focused on her child's education and success

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43

General Douglas MacArthur

prominent U.S. military leader who played a crucial role in the Allied occupation of Japan after World War II

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44

Choson

long-lasting Korean dynasty (1392-1910) known for its cultural achievements and Confucian influence

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45

koryo

Korean dynasty that preceded the Choson dynasty. It existed from the 10th to the 14th century

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46

Silla

one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, known for its advanced culture and arts during the ancient period

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47

roh moo-hyun

was a former president of South Korea, serving from 2003 to 2008

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48

Kim Il sung

the founder and first leader of north korea, playing a central role in shaping the nation’s ideology and policies

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49

Kim Jong il

son of Kim Il-sung and the leader of North Korea after his father's death. His leadership continued the regime's policies

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50

king sejong

Korean king during the Choson Dynasty, known for his contributions to Korean culture, including the creation of the Korean script Hangu

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51

Syngman Rhee

first President of South Korea, serving from 1948 to 1960.

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52

Chandragupta I

Gupta Empire ruler, 319-335 CE, key in Gupta Dynasty, married Licchavi princess, Gupta Golden Age, cultural and economic prosperity.

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53

Akbar

Mughal Emperor known for his policy of religious tolerance, cultural patronage, and administrative reforms, contributing to the flourishing of the Mughal Empire.

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54

Asoka

Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty. He is renowned for embracing Buddhism after the Kalinga War and promoting its spread.

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55

Babur

fouder of the mughal empire and a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan

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56

chandragupta Maurya

founder of the Maurya Dynasty and the first emperor to unify most of the Indian subcontinent under one rule

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57

Dravidians

ethnic group native to the southern regions of India, known for their distinct languages and cultural practices.

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58

Indira Gandhi

the first female Prime Minister of India, serving multiple terms and playing a key role in Indian politics. assassinated by her own bodygaurds

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59

Jawaharlal Nehru

first Prime Minister of India, a central figure in the Indian independence movement, and an advocate for democracy and secularism.

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60

Mohandas Gandhi

often called Mahatma Gandhi, was a leader in the Indian independence movement, advocating nonviolent civil disobedience

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61

Mohammed Jinnah

a key political leader and the founder of Pakistan. He played a crucial role in the creation of the independent state for Muslims.

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62

Rajiv Gandhi

the Prime Minister of India, succeeding his mother Indira Gandhi. His tenure saw economic reforms and technological advancements - also assassinated

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63

rajah

a title used for Indian monarchs or rulers, often associated with princely states.

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64

sikhs

followers of a monotheistic religion founded in the 15th century by Guru Nanak. It originated in the Indian subcontinent

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65

Prehistory

the period of time before written records and documented history. It encompasses the Stone Age, Bronze Age, and Iron Age.

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66

Australopithecus

an extinct genus of hominins that lived in Africa between 4 and 2 million years ago. "Lucy" is a famous Australopithecus fossil

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67

Homo Sapiens

the species to which all modern human beings belong. It emerged in Africa around 300,000 years ago - wise man

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68

Anthropologist

a social scientist who studies human societies, cultures, and their development, often through fieldwork and direct observation

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69

archaeologist

a researcher who studies past human societies by examining artifacts, structures, and other physical remains.

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70

Homo erectus

extinct species of hominin that lived from approximately 2 million to 140,000 years ago - upright man

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