Use of Force + Defensive Tactics 2025 Exam 3

4 Types of Relationships

1. Promises and Actions

2. inaction leading to harm

3. Direct Contact

4. Justifiable Reliance

Under what law are police officers prosecuted civilly and criminally?

42 USC 1983

Requiring officers to choose least intrusive means of force would require super human thinking and cause what?

Tentativeness and Deter from public safety

Shooting a fleeing felon who poses no immediate threat to officers or the public is what?

Constitutionally Unreasonable

What are the 4 factors in the graham decision?

1. Severity of Crime

2. Are they an immediate threat to you or the public

3. Are they actively resisting arrest

4. Are they attempting to evade by flight

When dealing with a physical assault you may use?

Legally Justifiable Defensive Tactics

Introduction
Active listening
Empathy
Rapore
Influence
Trust building

Steps to BISM

BISM does?

Enhances the relationship between officer and subject.

What is an acceptable response to verbal aggression?

Let them rant with clear limitations

1. availability of back up
2. Environmental factors
3. officer vs suspect size/strength
4. officers vs suspect skill level
5. ability to disengage
6. drugs or alcohol present in suspects system
7. proximity to access of weapons
8. control attempt or self defense

List 8 factors in justifying use of force

Officers who let another officer violate a victims constitutional rights and does not intervene, may be prosecuted for what?

Failure to Intervene

4th amendment reasonable inquiry asks, were the actions objectively reasonable without regard to.

Underlying intent or motives

Reasonableness must be judged from the perspective of who?

The reasonable officer on scence

It's calculus must embody that officers make decisions under circumstances that are?

Tense, uncertain, and rapidly evolving

People in charge of the care or supervision of a minor or incompetent may use force.

True or False?

True

Parent of Guardian may use force if it is to promote what?

Welfare of the Minor or Incompetent

Use of force on minors or competent must not cause what?

Death, disfigurement, serious injury, or extreme emotional distress

When creating affirmative duty you may not leave them in?

Different, or worse condition than you found them

3 Benefits of assertive attitude?

win win attitude
establish honesty / trust
future cooperativeness

3 Factors of Characteristic attitude

utilize empathy
emotional labeling
mirroring

What are the dangers of aggressive or non-assertive behaviors

Demands immediate win

Tense and influenced by emotions

Manipulate by power or superiority