STS | Intellectual Revolutions

Sigmund Freud

Freudian Revolution

Nicolaus Copernicus

Copernican Revolution

Charles Darwin

Darwin Revolution

Freudian Revolution

Personality is a product of three conflicting elements: id, ego, and superego.

Id

• Pleasure principle 

• Born with it 

• Libido - sexual energy

• Fights with the Superego

Ego

•Reality principle

•Develops in childhood

•Balances the demands of the ID and the moral rules of the SUPEREGO

Superego

• Moral principle

• Develops around 5/6

• Child internalizes moral of society Fights with the ID

Claudius Ptolemy

The one behind the Geocentrism theory

Geocentrism

This theory stated that the planets, as well as the sun and the moon, moved in a circular motion around the Earth.

Nicolaus Copernicus

The one behind the Heliocentrism theory

Heliocentrism

This theory suggested that the center of the Solar System was not the Earth but actually the sun.This was the Birth of the Modern Astronomy

Darwin Revolution

considered to be one of the most controversial intellectual revolutions of its time.

Variation, Overproduction, Survival of the Fittest, Heritability

Factors of Natural Selection

Variation

Those organisms with heritable traits better suited to the environment will reach maturity and survive.

Overproduction

More organisms are produced that can actually survive.

Survival of the Fittest

According to Charles Darwin, "It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent, but the one most responsive to change."

Heritability

Changes in the organisms brought by the environment will be inherited by their offspring.