AP Euro Topic 2.2 Luther and Protestant Ref Terms and Names (Amsco Bolded),

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18 Terms

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indulgences

Selling of forgiveness by the Catholic Church. It was common practice when the church needed to raise money.

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Reformation

a 16th century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of Christian churches that rejected the pope's authority

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Martin Luther

a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief questioning some church practices.

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95 Theses

Martin Luther's ideas that he posted on the church door at Wittenberg which questioned some Roman Catholic Church practices.

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Diet of Worms

This was the conference that Charles V called to question/prosecute Martin Luther

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Charles V

This was the Holy Roman Emperor that called for the Diet of Worms. He was a supporter of Catholicism.

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Sola Scriptura

Belief that the Bible is the sole source of religious truth

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Sola Fide

Belief in Justification by faith alone--faith alone is needed to get to heaven.

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Priesthood of All Believers

Luther's revolutionary idea that every believer had the ability to read and interpret the Bible, that all people of faith were viewed by God as equals.

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John Calvin

religious reformer who believed in predestination and a strict sense of morality for society

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Predestination

Calvinist belief that God long ago determined who would gain salvation and nothing someone does will change that.

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The Elect

In Calvinist doctrine, those who have been chosen by God for salvation.

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Geneva

Swiss city-state which became a Calvinist theocracy in the 1500s;

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German Peasants' War

revolt of German lower classes calling for social/political change based on ideas of Luther (rejected by Luther, in reality).

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Anabaptists

A Protestant sect that believed only adults could make a free choice regarding religion; they also advocated pacifism, separation of church and state, and democratic church organization.

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Edict of Worms

declared Martin Luther an outlaw within the Holy Roman Empire and his works were to be burned and luther himself captured and delivered to the emperor

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Theocracy

A government controlled by religious leaders using their religious text (such as the Bible) as the source of law.

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pacifism

the belief that any violence, including war, is unjustifiable under any circumstances, and that all disputes should be settled by peaceful means.