The Circulatory System (Unit Test)

Circulatory System

The system that provides force and channels for blood distribution, carrying food and oxygen to cells and removing wastes.

Coronary system

The part of the circulatory system that pertains to the heart.

Pulmonary system

The component of the circulatory system that serves the lungs.

Systemic system

The aspect of the circulatory system responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.

Blood components

Blood consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.

Function of blood

Blood transports oxygen and nutrients, carries waste products away from tissues, and helps fight disease.

Double Pump

Refers to how blood passes through the heart twice during its circulation.

Right side of the heart

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs.

Left side of the heart

Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the body.

Arteries

Large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Capillaries

The smallest blood vessels where exchange with tissues occurs.

Veins

Larger blood vessels that return blood to the heart.

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes)

The most plentiful type of blood cell that carries oxygen through hemoglobin.

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)

Infection-fighting cells that detect and destroy invading bacteria and viruses.

Platelets

Small cells that assist in blood clotting to prevent excessive bleeding.

Plasma

The liquid portion of blood that carries blood cells throughout the body.

Anemia

A blood disorder characterized by insufficient hemoglobin or iron in red blood cells.

Leukemia

A cancer of the blood characterized by an increased number of immature white blood cells.

Cardiac muscle tissue

The type of muscle tissue found only in the heart.

Systole

The phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle contracts.

Diastole

The relaxation phase of the heartbeat.

Heart chambers

The heart contains four chambers, two atria and two ventricles.

Coronary Artery Disease

Disease characterized by the blockage of coronary arteries due to plaque buildup.

Symptoms of CAD

Include tiredness, dizziness, pain or burning sensation in arms or chest.

Angiogram

A diagnostic test using fluorescent dye to detect blood flow abnormalities.

Heart Attack

A condition where a blood clot completely blocks an artery, leading to heart tissue damage.

Symptoms of Heart Attack

Chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, anxiety, sweating, and dizziness.

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

A test used to diagnose a heart attack by measuring the heart's electrical activity.

Kidneys

Organs that filter waste from the blood for excretion via urine.

White blood cell lifespan

White blood cells have a lifespan ranging from a few days to a few weeks.

Blood clotting

The process that prevents excessive bleeding, enabled by platelets.

Hemoglobin

A protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen and makes blood red.

Bone marrow

The site where red blood cells are produced.

Nucleus in red blood cells

Red blood cells lack a nucleus, whereas white blood cells have one.

Importance of the Circulatory System

The circulatory system maintains homeostasis by delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells and removing waste.

Importance of Blood

Blood transports oxygen, nutrients, and waste, and plays a key role in immune response.