Pharmacology: NSAIDs and Inflammation

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to NSAIDs, inflammation, and their effects on the body.

Vasoconstriction

The constriction of blood vessels to reduce blood loss after an injury.

Chemical mediators

Substances like histamines, kinins, and prostaglandins released from injured tissues that regulate inflammation.

Vasodilation

The widening of blood vessels that increases blood flow to the injured area.

Erythema

Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow to an area of injury.

Capillary permeability

The ability of capillary walls to allow fluids and immune cells to pass into tissues, often resulting in swelling or edema.

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Medications that reduce inflammation, fever, and pain without using corticosteroids.

COX-1 (Cyclooxygenase-1)

An enzyme that protects the stomach lining and helps in normal blood clotting.

COX-2 (Cyclooxygenase-2)

An enzyme that is activated during tissue injury and inflammation.

Acetaminophen

A medication used for pain relief and reducing fever, primarily acting in the brain.

Salicylism

A condition resulting from toxicity or overdose of aspirin characterized by symptoms such as tinnitus, dizziness, and confusion.

Reye’s Syndrome

A rare but serious condition in children linked to aspirin use after a viral infection, causing swelling in the liver and brain.

Gastrointestinal side effects of NSAIDs

Potential adverse effects on the stomach, including dyspepsia, ulcers, and GI bleeding.

Renal function test

Tests like BUN and creatinine used to assess kidney function, which can be affected by NSAIDs.

Antipyretic

A substance that reduces fever.

Prostaglandins

Local hormones derived from arachidonic acid that play roles in inflammation and pain response.

Dyspepsia

Indigestion or discomfort in the stomach, often associated with NSAID use.