Wk. 3 - Disorders of the Thyroid & Parathyroid Practice Questions

A nurse is assessing a patient with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism. Which finding would the nurse expect? A. Heat intolerance B. Weight loss despite good appetite C. Bradycardia D. Nervousness and tremors

C

Which is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism in the U.S.? A. Graves’ disease B. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis C. Iodine excess D. Pituitary adenoma

B

A patient with hypothyroidism reports severe lethargy, hypothermia, and bradycardia. The nurse suspects: A. Thyroid storm B. Myxedema coma C. Addison’s crisis D. Pheochromocytoma

B

(SATA) Nursing care for a patient starting levothyroxine (Synthroid) should include which instructions? A. Take the medication at bedtime with food. B. Take in the morning on an empty stomach. C. Monitor heart rate and rhythm. D. Expect lifelong therapy. E. Report chest pain or palpitations.

B,C,D,E

Which lab result indicates effective levothyroxine therapy? A. TSH decreases toward normal B. TSH increases further C. T4 decreases further D. Calcium increases

A

True or False: Levothyroxine is contraindicated in patients with untreated adrenal insufficiency.

True

The nurse should be most concerned if a patient on levothyroxine reports: A. Constipation B. Cold intolerance C. Palpitations and chest pain D. Dry skin

C

The nurse knows myxedema coma is most likely to occur in: A. Hyperthyroidism treated with methimazole B. Untreated hypothyroidism under physiologic stress C. Excessive iodine supplementation D. Parathyroidectomy patients

B

(SATA) Supportive nursing measures for hypothyroidism include: A. Maintaining a warm environment B. Encouraging a high-calorie diet C. Preventing constipation D. Teaching skin care for dryness E. Encouraging weight loss

A,C,D

In hypothyroidism, which of the following lab patterns would you expect? A. Low TSH, high T3/T4 B. High TSH, low T3/T4 C. Normal TSH, high T3/T4 D. High TSH, high T3/T4

B

The hallmark feature of Graves’ disease is: A. Goiter without eye involvement B. Exophthalmos (eye bulging) C. Hyperpigmentation D. Buffalo hump

B

True or False: Thyroid storm is characterized by hyperthermia, seizures, and potential heart failure.

True

Which symptom best differentiates hyperthyroidism from hypothyroidism? A. Constipation B. Cold intolerance C. Weight loss with increased appetite D. Bradycardia

C

(SATA) Collaborative care for hyperthyroidism may include: A. Methimazole or PTU B. Radioactive iodine therapy C. Thyroidectomy D. Beta-blockers E. Cortisol replacement

A,B,C,D

The nurse is teaching a patient with hyperthyroidism about nutrition. The best recommendation is: A. Low-calorie, low-protein diet B. High-calorie, high-protein diet C. Low-sodium diet D. Low-potassium diet

B

Which lab pattern suggests hyperthyroidism? A. High TSH, low T4 B. Low TSH, high T4 C. High TSH, normal T4 D. Low TSH, low T4

B

PTU (propylthiouracil) has a black box warning for: A. Severe hepatotoxicity B. Renal failure C. Bone marrow suppression D. Hypoglycemia

A

A patient on methimazole reports fever and sore throat. What is the nurse’s priority action? A. Reassure the patient it is a common side effect. B. Advise increased fluid intake. C. Notify the provider and obtain a CBC. D. Continue the medication and monitor.

C

True or False: Radioactive iodine therapy is safe in pregnant and breastfeeding women.

False

Which medication is most appropriate for rapid relief of tachycardia and tremors in thyroid storm? A. Levothyroxine B. Methimazole C. Propranolol D. Hydrocortisone

C

The most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism is: A. Parathyroid adenoma B. Pituitary tumor C. Chronic kidney disease D. Vitamin D toxicity

A

(SATA) Clinical manifestations of hyperparathyroidism include: A. Bone pain B. Kidney stones C. Constipation D. Seizures E. Osteoporosis

A,B,C,E

The phrase “bones, stones, abdominal groans, and psychic moans” is associated with: A. Hypothyroidism B. Hyperparathyroidism C. Hypoparathyroidism D. Hyperthyroidism

B

Which electrolyte imbalance is characteristic of hyperparathyroidism? A. Hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia B. Hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia C. Hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia D. Hyponatremia, hypermagnesemia

B

True or False: Weight-bearing exercise is encouraged in hyperparathyroidism to reduce bone loss.

True

Acute treatment for hypercalcemia in hyperparathyroidism includes: A. Fluid restriction B. IV fluids and loop diuretics C. Potassium chloride infusion D. Levothyroxine therapy

B

Which is the most common cause of hypoparathyroidism? A. Autoimmune disease B. Parathyroid adenoma C. Thyroid or parathyroid surgery D. Vitamin D deficiency

C

(SATA) Manifestations of hypoparathyroidism include: A. Numbness and tingling B. Positive Chvostek’s sign C. Positive Trousseau’s sign D. Constipation E. Laryngeal spasms

A,B,C,E

Which ECG change is most associated with hypocalcemia in hypoparathyroidism? A. Shortened QT B. Prolonged QT C. Peaked T waves D. Flattened T waves

B

Immediate treatment for acute hypocalcemia with tetany is: A. IV calcium gluconate B. Oral calcium carbonate C. Vitamin D supplementation D. Fludrocortisone

A