Evidence Based Practice

What is the goal of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?

To provide the best patient outcomes using current best evidence.

What does EBP combine?

Research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences/values.

Why is EBP important in nursing?

It improves patient outcomes, reduces costs, and enhances nurse satisfaction.

What are the benefits of EBP?

Better outcomes, research-based care, improved experiences, cost reduction, nurse engagement.

What is the first step in implementing EBP?

Ask the clinical question.

What is the second step in implementing EBP?

Collect the best evidence.

What is the third step in implementing EBP?

Critically appraise the evidence.

What is the fourth step in implementing EBP?

Integrate evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences.

What is the final step in implementing EBP?

Evaluate the outcome or change.

What does QSEN stand for?

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses.

What are the six QSEN competencies?

Patient-centered care, teamwork, EBP, quality improvement, safety, informatics.

What is the QSEN definition of EBP?

Integrate best evidence with clinical expertise and patient/family values for optimal care.

What are examples of EBP skills learned in lab?

Turning patients every 2 hours, using the 2-step blood pressure method.

What is quantitative research?

Research involving numbers and statistical analysis.

What is basic research?

Research to refine theory or increase understanding.

What is applied research?

Practical research to solve real-world clinical problems.

What is qualitative research?

Research focused on understanding experiences, feelings, and perceptions.

What is the purpose of the PICO format?

To structure clinical research questions.

What does PICO stand for?

P = Patient/problem, I = Intervention, C = Comparison, O = Outcome.

Example of PICO: How does leg position affect blood pressure?

P = Adult patients, I = Legs crossed, C = Feet flat, O = BP accuracy.

What is critical thinking in nursing?

Purposeful, outcome-directed thinking to ensure safe and competent practice.

What does critical thinking involve?

Knowledge, skills, experience, ethics, and standards.

What are the levels of critical thinking?

Basic and complex.

What are components of critical thinking?

Knowledge, experience, competence, attitudes, standards.

What are some critical thinking attitudes?

Confidence, independence, fairness, responsibility, discipline, perseverance, curiosity, integrity, humility.

What is the purpose of the nursing process?

To provide a structured framework for clinical decision-making.

What are the steps of the nursing process?

Assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, evaluation.

What is clinical judgment?

The nurse's decision-making process using data and problem solving.

What is clinical reasoning?

The way a nurse thinks through patient issues and potential solutions.

Why is the NCLEX changing?

To better assess clinical judgment skills in new nurses.

What are the 6 steps of the Clinical Judgment Measurement Model (CJMM)?

Recognize cues, analyze cues, prioritize hypotheses, generate solutions, take action, evaluate outcomes.

What does "recognize cues" mean in CJMM?

Identify relevant/irrelevant data and prioritize what matters most.

What does "analyze cues" mean in CJMM?

Interpret meaning of patient data and connect it to clinical conditions.

What does "prioritize hypotheses" mean in CJMM?

Determine which explanations are most likely and serious.

What does "generate solutions" mean in CJMM?

Set goals and decide which interventions can achieve them.

What does "take action" mean in CJMM?

Perform or communicate appropriate interventions.

What does "evaluate outcomes" mean in CJMM?

Determine effectiveness of interventions and patient response.

What should be assessed in a confused, post-op patient with a cast?

Mental status, pain, circulation, skin breakdown.

What does a Braden score of 8 indicate?

High risk for pressure injuries.

What are cues that indicate pain in a confused patient?

Grimacing when moved, HR 110, recent surgery.

What is the best pain medication choice for a post-op confused patient with orders for Tramadol?

Tramadol 50 mg PO.

When should the nurse reassess after giving Tramadol PO?

15-20 minutes after administration.

What data indicates pain medication was effective?

HR 84, no grimacing, normal temperature and respiration, clear lungs.