week 14 physics- ch. 15 CT of head, cerebral vessels, neck and spine

neuroradiology

The subspecialty of radiology that deals with the central nervous system (CNS) and conditions affecting the head and neck is:

cerebral infarction

What pathologic condition describes the result of a loss of adequate blood supply to a portion of the brain?

chronic subdural hematoma

Which of the following is the most common condition evaluated by repeated computed tomographic head scanning?

metastasis

Computed tomography (CT) provides rapid information about each of the following traumatic injuries except:

Select one:

a. contusions.

b. fractures.

c. hematomas.

d. metastasis.

coronal

Orbital computed tomographic images should always be available in which plane because of the pyramidal shape of the bony orbit?

acute cerebral infarction

An important use of computed tomographic angiography of the head is in the evaluation of:

polyps

Indications for a computed tomographic scan of the neck include all of the following except:

Select one:

a. carotid stenosis.

b. goiter.

c. mass.

d. polyps.

strokes

Indications for a computed tomographic scan of the spine include all of the following except:

Select one:

a. disk herniations.

b. osteomyelitis.

c. strokes.

d. spondylolisthesis.

computed tomographic scan of the head without contrast.

To ensure that no life-threatening condition exists, the first examination performed should be:

axial

Image acquisition is primarily obtained in the ___________ plane.

coronal

Which images are particularly useful for assessing bone when the plane of the bone runs parallel to the axial slice?

ventricles

Coronal images are valuable for scans of the following except:

Select one:

a. top of the cranial vault.

b. roof of the orbit.

c. skull base.

d. ventricles.

patient should not eat 6 hours prior to the exam.

Preparation of the patient for a computed tomographic scan of the head or spine should include all of the following except:

Select one:

a. metallic objects should be removed.

b. explanation of contrast media (if indicated).

c. patient should not eat 6 hours prior to the exam.

d. patient should be made comfortable.

OML

In adults, what is the preferred scanning line when imaging the head?

transverse

The __________ plane is still the most used plane for image interpretation of the skull and its contents.

computed tomographic perfusion

Which of the following is a form of computed tomographic angiography used in suspected acute brain infarction to determine the amount of brain tissue at risk for permanent damage?

thin

Studies requiring reformatted images are acquired with ________ slices.

512'512

The matrix size on most of the current equipment is:

lung

All of the following are algorithms used for the brain, neck, and spine except:

Select one:

a. bone.

b. detail.

c. lung.

d. standard.

6-8

Because enhancement persists for hours, at least ___________ hours should elapse after a contrasted examination before an unenhanced scan is obtained.

2

the nasal septum is labeled:

15

the mastoid air cells are labeled:

manidubular condyle

the structure labeled 6 is the:

zygomatic arch

the structure labeled 5 is the:

2

the ethmoid sinuses are labeled:

9

the zygoma is labeled:

8

the lateral orbital wall is labeled:

maxillary sinus

the structure labeled 3 is the:

roof of the orbit

the structure labeled 7 is the:

8

The anterior (frontal) horn of the lateral ventricle is labeled as:

1

The sphenoid sinus is labeled:

14

The thalamus is labeled:

19

the fall cerebri is labeled:

calcified choroid plexus

The structure labeled 15 is the:

fourth ventricle

The structure labeled 3 is the:

cerebellar hemisphere

The structure labeled as 7 is the:

7

The internal jugular vein is labeled:

10

the parotid gland is labeled:

internal carotid artery

the structure labeled as 8 is the:

spinal cord

The structure labeled as 1 is the:

3

The thyroid cartilage is labeled:

4

The common carotid artery is labeled:

internal jugular vein

The structure labeled as 5 is the:

6

the intervertebral disk is labeled:

esophagus

The structure labeled as 4 is the:

false

true/false: Sinus disease is not well demonstrated by CT.

true

true/false: CT has largely replaced plain films of the cervical spine in cases of trauma.

true

true/false: As with plain radiographs, transverse images and coronal reformatted images are viewed as if facing the individual.

false

true/false: Sagittal images of the temporal bone can highlight the relationships of the ossicles and the structures along the medial wall of the middle ear.

true

true/false: Sagittal sections are helpful in evaluating midline structures.

true

true/false: In children, a steeply angled plane is used to scan the brain to avoid radiating the ocular lens.

false

true/false: Contrast enhancement is well visualized on bone algorithm or bone windows.

true

true/false: A standard dose of contrast is administered for each type of examination on the basis of the patient's weight, up to a maximum.

true

true/false:A CT venogram (CTV) visualizes the jugular veins and dural sinuses for sites of possible thrombosis.

false

true/false: Contrast-induced nephropathy indicates a deteriorated liver function as a result of iodine-based contrast.