Behavioral Genetics Review

These flashcards cover key concepts from the behavioral genetics lecture notes, focusing on genetic influences on behavior, the challenges of defining phenotypes, and specific case studies of genetic disorders.

What is a significant question in behavioral genetics regarding human behavior?

Whether behavior can be genetically determined and the implications for free will.

What reflexes are included in the suckling response in newborns?

The palmar and plantar grasp reflex.

What is a major challenge in behavioral genetics related to phenotypes?

Defining the phenotype accurately, as it affects the interpretation of genetic influence on behavior.

What are single gene traits compared to multiple gene traits?

Single gene traits result from one specific gene, while multiple gene traits involve interactions of several genes.

Why is mapping polygenic traits more complicated than single gene traits?

Multiple gene interactions create a unique phenotype, complicating the inheritance pattern.

How does the environment affect phenotypes in behavioral genetics?

The environment can alter the phenotype, complicating the distinction between genetic and environmental influences.

What methods do researchers use to study inheritance patterns in behavioral traits?

They study extended families and perform linkage analysis between genetic markers and phenotypes.

What are animal models used for in behavioral genetics?

To breed for specific behavioral phenotypes and control genetic backgrounds in experiments.

What gene mutation is linked to Huntington's disease?

A mutation at the gene location 4p16.3 causing CAG repeat expansion.

What is the function of the FOXP2 gene related to language?

FOXP2 is a transcription factor that plays a critical role in speech and language development.

How is intellectual disability associated with aggressive behavior genetically?

There is a mutation in the MAOA gene on the X chromosome linked to this association.

What neurotransmitter disorders are relevant in behavioral genetics?

Conditions such as alcoholism, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder are influenced by neurotransmitter activity.

What genetic factor is associated with risk-taking behavior?

Variants in the Dopamine Receptor D4 (DRD4) gene are linked to increased risk-taking and novelty-seeking.