APUSH Unit 4 prompts

apush unit 4

How did John Marshall's Supreme Court increase the power of the federal government and protect personal property?

Marbury v. Madison - established Judicial review which increased the power of fed. court system
McCulloch v. Maryland - ruled federal law over state law and states that fed. gov. had the power to establish a national bank
Gibbons v. Ogden - established that the fed. gov. had power to regulate interstate commerce because NY granted a monopoly to a steamboat company which conflicted with a charter authorized by Congress

What were the effects of the War of 1812 and how did they impact the United States?

Division between regional Northwest against war, South and West for
Increased sense of nationalism because it proved the us was strong enough to stand alone in conflict
Native americans no longer had british protection so more westward expansion

How did the federal government support the growth of the American economy during the Antebellum Period?

Tariff of 1828 raised to protect us manufacturers from competition (like British goods) after the war ended and imports from foreign countries were dumped back onto american markets
Chartered the 2nd bank of us to provide a national currency and keep the system running smoothly
Internal improvements, transportation in general

What were the causes of Westward Expansion and what controversies/questions resulted from Westward Expansion?

Improved transportation - railroads, canals, steamboats- transportation became easier.
After Native Americans were driven out of their land, large lands in the West were open for settlement which attracted European immigrants
Controversy: Congress attempted to keep sectional balance between the North and South. Adding Missouri as a state would tip the balance in the South's favor and expand slavery as most states were getting rid of it

What was the Market Revolution and how did it impact American society and economics?

Americans moving away from self-sufficient agriculture to production of goods for sale and the regions became more economically connected to create a national economy
Domestic role of women became more entrenched in society as men left for work each day
New mechanical inventions made production easier and faster, and uniformly which created mass production and consumption

What changed and what stayed the same with the development of economic specialization and economic sectionalism during the Antebellum era?

South the south lacked in industrial developments because of reliance on slavery, but the crops grown switched mainly to cotton because of the cotton gin
The north had a diversified economy (textiles were big, but soon factories produced a wide range of products.
The nation become more divided economically because each area functioned within different industries, tension between north and south increased, west was distanced

How did democracy increase in the United States from 1800-1860?

Nominating conventions were established
Popular elections of president: most states allowed voters to choose a state's slate of presidential electors
Universal male suffrage: all white males could vote and hold office, voting rates increased
No religious/poverty based decisions in gov.

How and why did Americans attempt to reform American society during the Antebellum Era?

Abolitionists hoped to abolish slavery
Temperance: alcoholism was on the rise and destroying family life
Seneca falls convention

How can the presidency of Andrew Jackson be viewed as both a triumph and a failure?

Trail of tears- forced thousands of native people out of their rightful land
Nullification crisis: responded SC motion to nullify tariff on 1828 with force and declaration of treason, soon lowered the tariff but caused states rights advocated to back down
Destroyed Bank of U.S. leading to high inflation: moved to use gold and silver for land purchases, but bank notes lost value and land sales plummeted