Small Animal Anatomy Test 1

extensor retinaculum

holds tendons of extensor muscles in place

What is this structure?

Function?

Deltoideus

ORIGIN: spine, acromion of scapula

INSERTION: deltoid tuberosity

ACTION: flex shoulder

NERVE: Axillary nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Infraspinatus

ORIGIN: infraspinous fossa

INSERTION: infraspinous tuberosity on greater tubercule of humerus

ACTION: extend or flex shoulder

NERVE: Suprascapular nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

subtendinous synovial bursa

Synovial fluid filled sac that will reduce friction of the muscle tendon as it glides over the humerus

Supraspinatus

ORIGIN: supraspinous fossa

INSERTION: greater tubercle

ACTION: extend shoulder

NERVE: Suprascapular nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Teres minor

ORIGIN: caudal border of scapula

INSERTION: humerus greater tubercle

ACTION: flex shoulder

NERVE: Axillary nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Teres major

ORIGIN: caudal border of scapula

INSERTION: teres major tuberosity

ACTION: flex shoulder

NERVE: Axillary nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Subscapularis

ORIGIN: subscapular fossa

INSERTION: lesser tubercle

ACTION: adduct, extend shoulder

NERVE: Subscapular nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Coracobrachialis

ORIGIN: coracoid process

INSERTION: medial humerus

ACTION: adduct, extend shoulder

NERVE: Muscolocutaneous nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Tensor fasciae antibrachii

ORIGIN: latissimus dorsi

INSERTION: olecranon

ACTION: extend elbow

NERVE: Radial nerve

What muscle is number 4 (ignore arrow)?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

triceps brachii long head

ORIGIN: caudal border of scapula

INSERTION: olecranon

ACTION: extend elbow and flex shoulder

NERVE: Radial nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

triceps brachii lateral head

ORIGIN: tricipital line

INSERTION: olecranon

ACTION: extend elbow

NERVE: Radial nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Triceps brachii accessory head

ORIGIN: proximal humerus

INSERTION: olecranon

ACTION: extend elbow

NERVE: Radial nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Triceps brachii medial head

ORIGIN: proximal humerus

INSERTION: olecranon

ACTION: extend elbow

NERVE: Radial nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Anconeus

ORIGIN: lateral and medial epicondyles

INSERTION: olecranon

ACTION: extend elbow

NERVE: Radial nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

biceps brachii

ORIGIN: supraglenoid tubercle

INSERTION: radial and ulnar tuberosities

ACTION: extend shoulder, flex elbow

NERVE: Musculocutaneous

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Brachialis

ORIGIN: proximal humerus

INSERTION: radial and ulnar tuberosities

ACTION: flex elbow

NERVE: Musculocutaneous

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Extensor carpi radialis

ORIGIN: lateral supracondylar crest

INSERTION: dorsal metacarpals II & III

ACTION: extend carpus

NERVE: Radial

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Common digital extensor

ORIGIN: lateral epicondyle

INSERTION: extensor process, distal phalanges of digits II - V

ACTION: extend carpus and digits

NERVE: Radial nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Lateral digital extensor

ORIGIN: lateral epicondyle

INSERTION: extensor process, distal phalanges of digits III - V

ACTION: extend carpus and digits

NERVE: Radial

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Ulnaris lateralis

ORIGIN: lateral epicondyle

INSERTION: MC V and accessory carpal bone

ACTION: abduct, flex carpus

NERVE: Radial

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

abductor pollicis longus

ORIGIN: ulna

INSERTION: MC I

ACTION: abduct pollex

NERVE: Radial

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Supinator

ORIGIN: lateral epicondyle

INSERTION: radius

ACTION: supination

NERVE: Radial

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

pronator teres

ORIGIN: medial epicondyle

INSERTION: radius

ACTION: pronation

NERVE: Median nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

flexor carpi radialis

ORIGIN: medial epicondyle

INSERTION: palmar MC II & III

ACTION: flex carpus

NERVE: Median nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Superficial digital flexor

ORIGIN: medial epicondyle

INSERTION: palmar surface, middle phalanges of digits II - V

ACTION: flex carpus and and proximal interphalangeal joints

NERVE: Median nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

flexor carpi ulnaris

ORIGIN: ulnar head- olecranon; humeral head- medial epicondyle

INSERTION: accessory carpal bone

ACTION: flex carpus

NERVE: Ulnar nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

Deep digital flexor

ORIGIN: humoral head- medial epicondyle; radial head- radius; ulnar head- ulna

INSERTION: palmar surface, distal phalanges of digits I - V

ACTION: flex carpus and digits

NERVE: Median and ulnar nerves

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Action?

Nerve?

pronator quadratus

ATTACHMENTS: opposed surfaces of radius and ulna

ACTION: pronation

NERVE: Median

What muscle is this?

Attachments?

Action?

Nerve?

Scapula (Cat)

cranial angle (scapula)

caudal angle of scapula

cranial border of scapula

carpals

What is 1?

metacarpals (dog)

What is 2?

Phalanges

What are the digits (fingers) called?

caudal border of scapula

dorsal border of scapula

spine of scapula

supraspinous fossa of scapula

infraspinous fossa of scapula

scapular notch

What is number 2?

supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

What is E?

coracoid process of scapula

acromion process of scapula

Glenoid cavity of scapula

What is 3?

subscapular fossa

What is 15?

serrated face of scapula

humerus head

greater tubercle of humerus

What is 2?

lesser tubercle of humerus

What is 1?

deltoid tuberosity of humerus

teres major tuberosity

brachialis groove

medial epicondyle of humerus

lateral epicondyle of humerus

olecran fossa of humerus

radial fossa of humerus

supratrocheal foramen

trochlea

capitulum

Humerus

ulna

Anconeal process of ulna

medial coronoid process of ulna

lateral coronoid process of ulna

trochlear notch of ulna

olecranon process of ulna

radial notch of ulna

styloid process of ulna

radius

radius head

What is 1?

ulnar notch of radius

What is 3?

styloid process of radius

Descending superficial pectoral

ORIGIN: first 2 sternebrae

INSERTION: crest of greater tubercle

ACTION: adduct limb

NERVE: cranial pectoral nerves and branches form cervical nerves 7 and 8

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Transverse Superficial Pectoral

ORIGIN: first 2 sternebrae

INSERTION: crest of greater tubercle

ACTION: adduct limb

NERVE: cranial pectoral nerves and branches form cervical nerves 7 and 8

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Deep pectoral muscle

ORIGIN: sternum

INSERTION: greater and lesser tubercles of humerus

ACTION: adduct and pull limb caudally; also flexes shoulder

NERVE: Caudal pectoral nerves (C8, T1)

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Brachicephalicus

ORIGIN: Clavicular intersection

INSERTION: brachial part: distal humerus, cranial border

cervical part: mid-dorsal fibrous raphe of neck

mastoid part: mastoid process of temporal bone (of skull)

ACTION: advance limb, turn head to side, extend shoulder

NERVE: Brachiocephalic

What muscle is this ( entire muscle not just yellow)?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Cleidobrachialis

ORIGIN: Clavicular Intersection

INSERTION: distal humerus, cranial border

ACTION: advance limb, turn head to side, extend shoulder

NERVE: Accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves.

Larger muscle: Brachiocephalicus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Cleidocephalicus

ORIGIN: Clavicular intersection

INSERTION:

cervical part: mid-dorsal fibrous raphe of neck

mastoid part: mastoid process of temporal bone (of skull)

FUNCTION: Advance the limb; extend shoulder joint and draw the neck and head to the side

NERVE: Accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves.

Larger muscle: Brachiocephalicus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Pars cervicalis

ORIGIN: Clavicular intersection

INSERTION: mid-dorsal fibrous raphe of neck

ACTION: advance limb, turn head to side, extend shoulder

NERVE: Accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves.

Cleidocephalicus which is part of brachicephalicus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Cleidocephalicus pars mastoidea

ORIGIN: Clavicular intersection

INSERTION: mastoid process of temporal bone (of skull)

FUNCTION: Advance the limb; extend shoulder joint and draw the neck and head to the side

NERVE: Accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves.

Cleidocephalicus which is part of brachicephalicus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Sternocephalicus

ORIGIN: First sternebrae or manubrium

INSERTION:

mastoid part: mastoid process of temporal bone (of skull)

occipital part: nuchal crest of occipital bone (of skull)

ACTION: turn head and neck to side

NERVE: Accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Sternocephalicus pars occipitalis

ORIGIN: First sternebrae

INSERTION: Nuchal crest of occipital bone

FUNCTION: To draw the head and neck to the side

NERVE: Accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves

LARGER MUSCLE: Sternocephalicus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Sternocephalicus pars mastoideus

ORIGIN: First sternebrae

INSERTION:Mastoid process of temporal bone

FUNCTION: To draw the head and neck to the side

NERVE: Accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves

LARGER MUSCLE: Sternocephalicus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Sternohyoid

ORIGIN: First sternebrae and first costal cartilage

INSERTION: Basihyoid bone

ACTION: Pull the tongue and larynx caudally

NERVE: Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Sternothyroid

ORIGIN: first costal cartilage

INSERTION: thyroid cartilage (of larynx)

ACTION: pull tongue and larynx caudally

NERVE: Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves and hypoglossal nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Omotransversarius

ORIGIN: acromion of scapula

INSERTION: wing of atlas

FUNCTION: Advance limb or flex neck laterally

NERVE: Accessory nerves

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

superficial cervical lymph nodes

What organ is this?

cervical trapezius

ORIGIN: median raphe of neck, supraspinous ligament

INSERTION: spine of scapula

ACTION: elevate, abduct forelimb

NERVE: Accessory nerve

Trapezius

What muscle is this (top arrow)?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

thoracic trapezius

ORIGIN: median raphe of neck, supraspinous ligament

INSERTION: spine of scapula

ACTION: elevate, abduct forelimb

NERVE: Accessory nerve

Trapezius

What muscle is this (bottom arrow?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Trapezius

ORIGIN: median raphe of neck, supraspinous ligament

INSERTION: spine of scapula

ACTION: elevate, abduct forelimb

NERVE: Accessory nerve

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Rhomboideus

ORIGIN: median raphe of neck, nuchal crest of occipital bone

INSERTION: dorsal border of scapula

ACTION: elevate forelimb

NERVE: Ventral branches of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Rhomboideus capitis

ORIGIN: Nuchal crest of occipital bone

INSERTION: dorsal border of scapula

ACTION: elevate forelimb

NERVE: Ventral branches of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Rhomboideus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Rhomboideus cervicis

ORIGIN: Median fibrous raphe of neck

INSERTION: dorsal border of scapula

ACTION: elevate forelimb

NERVE: Ventral branches of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Rhomboideus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Rhomboideus thoracis

ORIGIN: spinous process of first 7 thoracic vertebrae

INSERTION: dorsal border of scapula

ACTION: elevate forelimb

NERVE: Ventral branches of cervical and thoracic spinal nerves

Rhomboideus

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

latissimus dorsi

ORIGIN: spinous processes of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia

INSERTION: teres major tuberosity (of humerus)

ACTION: draw limb caudally, flex shoulder

NERVE: Thoracodorsal nerve (C7, C8, T1).

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

serratus ventralis

ORIGIN: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae, middle of first 7-8 ribs

INSERTION: serrated face of scapula

ACTION: support trunk, depress scapula

NERVE: Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves and long thoracic nerve (C7).

What muscle is this?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

Serratus ventralis cervicis

ORIGIN: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae, middle of first 7-8 ribs

INSERTION: serrated face of scapula

ACTION: support trunk, depress scapula

NERVE: Cervical and thoracic nerves

What muscle is shown by C?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?

Serratus ventralis thoracis

ORIGIN: Transverse processes of last 5 cervical vertebrae and first 7-8 ribs ventral to their middle

INSERTION: Serrated face of scapula

FUNCTION: Support trunk and depress scapula

NERVE: Ventral branches of cervical spinal nerves and long thoracic nerve (C7).

Serratus ventralis

What muscle is shown by T?

Origin?

Insertion?

Function?

Innervation?

What larger muscle is this part of?