reactions

What are the steps to balance a chemical equation?

1. Balance metals first, 2. Then non-metals, 3. Balance hydrogen, 4. Finally balance oxygen.

What does SNAP stand for in solubility rules?

Sodium (Na+), Nitrate (NO3-), Ammonium (NH4+), Potassium (K+), all are soluble and aqueous.

What is the general form of a double-replacement reaction?

AB + CD → AD + CB.

What happens in a neutralization reaction?

An acid reacts with a base to produce a salt and water.

What is the definition of a net ionic equation?

An equation that shows the substances that participate in a reaction after eliminating the spectator ions.

What is the activity series used for?

To predict the outcome of single-replacement reactions based on the reactivity of metals.

What are the two main types of particles considered in total ionic equations?

Aqueous substances (dissociated ions) and non-aqueous substances (solids, liquids, gases) in their complete form.

What is the oxidation rule for pure elements?

0.

What does OIL RIG stand for?

Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain.

In a combustion reaction, what two components are typically involved?

A fuel and an oxidizing agent.

What is the a total ionic equation?

An equation that shows all the ions present in a solution, including spectator ions.

What does the term 'spectator ions' refer to?

Ions that do not participate in the actual chemical reaction and remain unchanged.

What does 'aqueous' mean ?

Dissolved in water, resulting in a solution.

What is a redox reaction?

A reaction that involves the transfer of electrons between two species.

What are the common products of a combustion reaction?

Carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O).

What are the main types of chemical reactions?

1. Synthesis, 2. Decomposition, 3. Single Replacement, 4. Double Replacement, 5. Combustion.

What is a synthesis reaction?

A reaction where two or more substances combine to form a single product.

What defines a decomposition reaction?

A reaction where a single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.

What is a single replacement reaction?

A reaction in which one element takes the place of another in a compound.

What is a double replacement reaction?

A reaction that involves the exchange of ions between two compounds.

Is a combustion reaction considered a redox reaction?

Yes, because it involves the transfer of electrons, typically between a fuel and an oxidizer.

What is the oxidation state of hydrogen in most compounds?

nonmetals +1, metals -1

What is the oxidation state of oxygen in most compounds?

-2

What is the oxidation state of alkali metals in compounds?

+1.

What is the oxidation state of alkaline earth metals in compounds?

+2.

What are the oxidation states of halogens in compounds?

Typically -1,

What is the oxidation state of the sum of oxidation numbers in a polyatomic ion?

Equal to the charge of the ion.

Is a double replacement reaction considered a redox reaction?

No, because there is no transfer of electrons.

Is a single replacement reaction considered a redox reaction?

Yes

Is a synthesis reaction considered a redox reaction?

usually

Is a decomposition reaction considered a redox reaction?

usually

What do you never change when balancing equations?

subscript

What is the order of balancing equations?

MINHO: Metals, Incorporate Coefficients, Nonmetals, Hydrogen, Oxygen.