House of Representatives Quiz 1 - Unit 4

Apportionment

The process of dividing the 435 seats in the House of Representatives among the states based on population.

Gerrymandering

The intentional drawing of district lines to benefit one political party or group and weaken the voting power of others.

Baker v. Carr (1962)

The Supreme Court ruled that courts can hear cases about legislative districting, establishing the principle of “one person, one vote.

2 Year Terms

House members serve two-year terms so they remain closely accountable to voters.

Committee of the Whole

A procedure where all House members debate a bill under relaxed rules to speed discussion and compromise.

Charges of Impeachment

The House’s power to formally accuse (impeach) a president or federal official, similar to issuing an indictment.

National/Federal Census

A population count conducted every 10 years that determines representation, funding, and how House seats are apportioned.

Unequal Representation

When some voters have more political influence than others due to unfair district sizes or boundaries.

Majority/Minority Whips

Party leaders responsible for counting votes and ensuring members vote with their party.

Speaker of the House

The leader of the House chosen by the majority party who controls the legislative agenda and committee assignments.

Discharge Petitions

A process that allows a majority of House members (218) to force a bill out of committee for a full vote.

Deciding Presidential Elections

If no candidate wins an Electoral College majority, the House chooses the president with each state casting one vote.

Constituent Service Work

Efforts by members of Congress to help individuals in their district with problems involving the federal government.

Redistricting

The process of redrawing congressional district boundaries within a state after the census to reflect population changes.

Malapportionment

A condition where districts have unequal populations, causing some votes to count more than others.

435 House Members

The current fixed number of representatives in the House, set by Congress (not the Constitution).

Rules Committee

A powerful House committee that determines when bills are debated, how long debate lasts, and what rules apply.

Initiating Tax/Revenue Bills

All bills that raise taxes or generate government revenue must originate in the House of Representatives.

Minority Leaders

The leader of the minority party who organizes opposition and represents their party’s interests.

Shaw v. Reno (1993)

The Supreme Court ruled that race may be considered in redistricting, but it cannot be the dominant reason for drawing districts.

Majority Leader

The leader of the majority party in a chamber who helps plan strategy and guide legislation.