Principles of Animal Nutrition - Test 1

Monosaccharide

Glucose is considered a…

Hexose with an aldehyde group

Glucose structure is comprised of the following…

Amylose and amylopectin

Components of fibers…

cellulase, hemicellulase, and pancreatic amylase

Ruminants use the following to digest carbohydrates…

fibers and starches

Two examples of carbohydrates that are polysaccharides…

a-linkages

Broken down by enzymes produced in the pancreas; generally seen in starches

Gross, Digestible, Metabolizable, Net Energy

What are the main four measurements of energy?

Catabolism

The breakdown of tissues

Anabolism

The building of tissues

Intracellular fluid, extracellular fluid, and plasma

Body water is comprised of the following…

water, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals, vitamins

List the six nutrient groups

physiological state

The condition or state of the body or bodily functions is called

digestion

the breakdown of food or nutrients by the stomach or rumen

hyperplasia

increase in muscle fiber number

ad libitum

a term to describe free choice access to food

essential nutrients

Nutrients not created by the body and only ingested through the diet

water

The most critical nutrient

insensible loss

water loss through sweating or panting

Brine

water with >100000 mg/L

carbohydrates

primary source of energy in the body

glycosidic bonds

disaccharides are linked via…

fiber

beta linkages are primarily seen in

VFAs

produced during the fermentation of nutrients

glucagon

produced in the pancreas

glycolysis

the breakdown of glucose

increase

when an animal has eaten, blood glucose concentrations will

after feeding

when is insulin secreted

efficient energy production

the tca cycle is important for…