Early Israelite History: Kingdoms, Religion, and Empires
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19 Terms
According to the Bible, who were the three kings of the united kingdom of Israel?
Saul, David, and Solomon
What do many modern scholars think Saul, David, and Solomon actually were?
"Chief warlords" rather than kings of a powerful, organized state.
What is the status of archaeological evidence for Solomon's Temple, according to the text?
"no definitive archaeological evidence that Solomon built the Temple."
What were the two kingdoms that Israel split into after Solomon's death?
The northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah.
What was the capital of the northern kingdom of Israel?
Samaria
What was the capital of the southern kingdom of Judah?
Jerusalem
Who conquered the northern kingdom of Israel around 722 B.C.E.?
The Assyrians
What are the "ten lost tribes"?
The Hebrews from the northern kingdom of Israel who were deported and dispersed by the Assyrians.
Who conquered the southern kingdom of Judah in 586 B.C.E.?
The Chaldeans
What happened to Jerusalem when the Chaldeans conquered Judah?
It was completely destroyed.
What was the "Babylonian captivity"?
When many upper-class people from Judah were deported to Babylonia.
What was the covenant?
A contract where the Israelites promised to obey Yahweh and his law, and in return, Yahweh promised to take special care of them.
What is the central ethical focus of the Israelite law?
Standards of moral behavior, such as "You shall not murder" and "You shall not steal."
What was the role of the prophets?
To serve as God's voice to his people, warning them to keep the covenant.
What military technology did the Assyrians use to build their empire?
Iron weapons.
How did the kings of the Assyrian Empire rule?
Their power was considered absolute.
Who conquered the Chaldeans and allowed the people of Judah to return home?
The Persians.
What is monotheism?
The belief in only one God (Yahweh).
When did the idea of Yahweh as the only God become dominant?
Among the Babylonian exiles in the sixth century B.C.
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