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12 Terms
Period
A row in the periodic table. All elements in the same period have valence electrons in the same energy level
Group
A column of the periodic table All elements in the same Group have the same number of valence electrons And react similarly
Metals
Conduct electricity and heat high melting in boiling points malleable, lustrous shiny ductile, reactivity varies
Nonmetals
Poor conductors Low melting and boiling points brittle reactivity varies noble gases, do not react
Metalloids
Properties fall in between metals and nonmetals conduction of electricity depends on temperature
Valence electron
Electrons that are in the outermost energy level
Alkali metals
One valence electron react with water
Alkaline earth metals
Two valence electrons
Halogen’s
Seven valence electrons, high reactivity
Noble gas
8 valence electrons except for HE no reactivity full valence shell
Columns law
The force of attraction between two charges, decreases with distance and decreases with magnitude
octet rule
Atoms are most stable when their valence orbital is completely filled
