Chemical Reactions and Stoichiometry

Flashcards designed to help students review key concepts related to chemical reactions and stoichiometry for their upcoming exam.

Chemical Reaction

A process that involves the transformation of one or more substances into different substances.

Chemical Equation

A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, showing the reactants and products.

Reactants

The starting substances in a chemical reaction.

Products

The substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction.

Balancing Chemical Equations

Adjusting the coefficients of a chemical equation to ensure the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides, according to the law of conservation of mass.

Stoichiometry

The calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions based on balanced equations.

Limiting Reactant

The reactant that runs out first in a chemical reaction, limiting the amount of product formed.

Excess Reactant

The reactant that is not completely consumed in a chemical reaction.

Theoretical Yield

The maximum amount of product that could be formed from given amounts of reactants.

Actual Yield

The amount of product that is actually obtained from a chemical reaction.

Percent Yield

A measure of the efficiency of a reaction, calculated as (Actual Yield / Theoretical Yield) × 100.

Mole Ratio

The ratio of moles of one substance to moles of another substance in a balanced chemical equation.

Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance, typically expressed in grams/mole.

Decomposition Reaction

A type of reaction where one reactant breaks down into two or more products.

Synthesis Reaction

A type of reaction where two or more reactants combine to form a single product.

Single Replacement Reaction

A reaction where an element replaces another element in a compound.

Double Replacement Reaction

A reaction where two compounds exchange ions or bonds to form different compounds.

Combustion Reaction

A reaction where a substance combines with oxygen, releasing energy in the form of heat and light.