Anatomy Lab week 6

circular

convergent

fusiform

parallel

unipennate

bipennate

multipennate

what is an example of circular fascicle arrangement

orbicularis oculi

what is an example of convergent fascicle arrangement

pectoralis major

what is an example of fusiform fascicle arrangement

biceps brachii

what is an example of parellel fascicle arrangement

sartorius

what is an example of unipennate fascicle arrangement

extensor digitorum longus

what is an example of bipennate fascicle arrangement

rectus femoris

what is an example of multipennate fascicle arrangement

deltoid

A muscle that crosses on the anterior side of a joint produces

flexion

A muscle that crosses on the posterior side of a joint produces

extension

A muscle that crosses on the lateral side of a joint produces

abduction

A muscle that crosses on the medial side of a joint produces

adduction

origin

 less moveable attachment site

insertion

more moveable attachment site

action

the motion the joint makes when the muscle contracts

innervation

the nerve that supplies the muscle (every muscle will have a nerve)

perfusion

the artery supplying the muscle

Prime mover or agonist

a muscle that has the major responsibility for producing a

specific movement

Antagonist

muscles that oppose or reverse a particular movement

synergiest

help the prime movers, either by adding a little extra force to the

movement being carried out or by reducing undesirable extra movements that the

prime mover may produce

fixator

synergists that hold a bone firmly in place, so that a prime mover has a

stable base on which to move a body part

Isometric contraction

production of muscle tension without a change in length

Isotonic contraction

consistent tension as the muscle contracts

Eccentric contraction

muscle fibers lengthen as the muscle contracts

Concentric contraction

muscle fibers shorten as the muscle contracts

Deltoid

• clavicle, scapula

• humerus

• arm abduction

supraspiatus

• scapula

• humerus

• arm abduction

infraspinatus

• scapula

• humerus

• arm lateral rotation

subscapularis

• scapula

• humerus

• arm medial rotation

teres major

• scapula

• humerus

• extends, medially rotates, adducts arm

teres minor

• scapula

• humerus

• arm lateral rotation

Coracobrachialis 

• scapula

• humerus

• flex and adduct arm

Biceps brachii (Short & long heads)

• short head: scapula

• long head: scapula

• radius

• flex and supinate forearm

Brachialis 

• humerus

• ulna

• flex forearm

Triceps brachii (long, lateral, medial) 

• Long head: scapula

• Lateral & medial: humerus

• ulna

• forearm extension

Anconeus

• humerus

• ulna

• Synergist of triceps for forearm extension

deltoid

teres major

supraspinatus

infraspinatus

teres minor

subscapularis

biceps brachii

biceps brachii: long head

biceps brachii: short head

coracobrachialis

brachialis

triceps brachii

triceps brachii: lateral head

triceps brachii: long head

anconeus

pronator teres

• humerus, ulna

• radius via common tendon

• pronates forearm

flexor carpi radialis

• humerus

• metacarpals II & III

• hand flexion

palmaris longus

• humerus

• palmar aponeurosis

• tenses skin during hand movement

flexor carpi ulnaris

• humerus, ulna

• pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal

• middle phalanges of digits II-V

flexor digitorium superficialis

• humerus, radius, ulna

• middle phalanges of digits II-V

• finger flexion

flexor digitorium profundus

• ulna and interosseous membrane

• distal phalanges of digits II-V

• flexes distal phalanges of digits II - V

flexor pollicis longus

• radius and interosseous membrane

• distal phalanx of the thumb

• flexes distal phalanx of thumb

pronator quadratis

• ulna

• radius

• pronation of the forearm

brachioradialis

• humerus

• distal radius

• flexes forearm

extensor carpi radialis

(brevis/ longus)

• humerus

• brevis to metacarpal II

• longus to metacarpal III

• extends and abducts the wrist

extensor digitorium

• humerus

• extensor expansion of distal phalanges II-IV

• finger extension II-IV

extensor digiti minimi

• humerus

• extensor expansion of distal phalanx V

• extends little finger

extensor carpi ulnaris

• humerus, ulna

• radius

• asssts biceps with supination

supinator

• humerus, ulna

• radius

• assists biceps supination

abductor pollicis longus

• radius and ulna, interosseous membrane

• 1st metacarpal of the thumb, trapezium

• abduct and extend thumb

extensor pollicis (brevis/longus)

• radius and ulna, interosseous membrane

• brevis to proximal phalanx of the thumb

• longus to distal phalanx of the thumb

• extends thumb

extensor indicis

• ulna, interosseous membrane

• tendons of extensor digitorum, extensor expasion of index finger

• extends index finger

abductor pollicis brevis

abducts thumb

flexor pollicis brevis

flexes thumb

opponens pollicis

opposition

palmaris brevis

helps with palmar grasp

abductor digiti minimi

abducts little finger

opponens digiti minimi

helps with opposition

lumbricals 

flex the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints while extending the interphalangeal joints.

dorsal interossei

abduct finger

palmar interossei

adduct fingers