HRMS 8th Grade Chemistry Study Guide

Who arranged the periodic table by atomic mass

Mendeleev

When two or more elements join together chemically

compound

The substance a solute is dissolved into.

solvent

The substance that is dissolved

solute

Particles are evenly distributed throughout giving the same appearance

Solution

What 2 things do living things need to survive

Food and Water

A vertical column on the periodic table with similar properties

Family/Group

What is the electrical charge of proton

positive

What is the electrical charge of electron

negative

What is the electrical charge of neutron

neutral

A row on the periodic table that moves from left to right

Period

Atomic number equals

protons

Protons equal

electrons

Atomic Mass equals

protons + neutrons

Noble Gas have 8 valence electrons so they are

Non-reactive

Most elements are

Metals

Group 1

Alkali Metals

Group 2

Alkaline Earth Metals

Group 3-12

Transition Metals

Group 13

Boron Family

Group 14

Carbon Family

Group 15

Nitrogen Family

Group 16

Oxygen Family

Group 17

Halogens

Group 18

Noble Gases

What does the color of each elements symbol represent

Solid, liquid, gas

How is a elements symbol represented

First letter capital and second letter lowercase

Elements with similar properties are located in the same

Family/Group

Why are the lanthanide and actinides separated

Space requirements

The following elements Boron, Silicon, Arsenic, Germanium, Antimony, Tellurium are

Metalloids

Name the element that makes up 78% of the atmosphere

Nitrogen

Which element does not have a home

Hydrogen

What determines how an element will react with another element

Valance Electrons

That all elements are trying to get a full outer shell of 8

Octet Rule

Name the two elements that are liquids

Mercury and Bromine

The most useful metal in group 13

Aluminum

Which group will the following react group 1

group 17

Which group will the following react group 2

group 16

Group 14 metalloids are used in

Computer Chips

Most reactive metals

Alkali Metals

To the left of the stair step

Metals

To the right of the stair step

Non-Metals

On the stair steps

Metalloids

How is the modern periodic table arranged

Atomic Number

Happens at regular intervals

Periodic

Most Non-Metals are

Gases

What determines what an element is

protons

How many neutrons does chlorine have if its atomic mass is 35 and protons are 17

18

The smallest unit of a substance that keeps all of its properties and chemical characteristics

Atom

What is located in the nucleus of an atom

protons and neutrons

What is located in the energy shells of an atom

electrons

Substances that are not chemically combined

mixture

How many total atoms are represented on the right side of this equation?
6H2O + 6CO2 + sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2

36

What is the formula for electron shell configuration

2(n)2

To support the Law of Conservation of Mass How much reactants must be present to the products

same or equal

Explain why helium is special

It is a stable element without having 8 electrons in outer shell

Uniformly distributed particles No difference ex. Milk

Homogeneous Mixture

Unevenly distributed particles you can see the difference ex. pizza

Heterogeneous Mixture

Calculate how many electrons can be in the 5th energy shell

2(5)2 = 2(25) =50

Where are the reactants located

Left side

Where are the products located

Right side

How was the original periodic table organized

Atomic Mass

The universal solvent is

Water

This element will combine with sodium

Balance the following equation
4Fe +3O2 Fe2O3

Add coefficient of 2 on the products side in front of Fe

Balance the following equation
H2 +O2 H2O

Add a coefficient in front of H on both reactants and products

The number at the top of a periodic box represents

Atomic number

The Cl represents

Chemical symbol

The Chlorine represents

Element Name

The number at the bottom under element name represents

Atomic mass

Group 17

Halogens