Important Terms

physical property

something you can observe about a substance without changing what it is. If you describe it, it stays the same thing

Chemical Property

ability of a substance to change into a new substance.

Homogeneous Mixture

everything is mixed so perfectly that you can't see the individual parts. It looks the same from top to bottom

Heterogeneous Mixture

you can actually see the different "chunks" or layers. It is not mixed evenly.

Element

Only one type of atom present.

Compound

Two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded

Mixture

Different types of atoms or molecules present that are not bonded to each other.

Molecular Formula

Count every single atom you see in the drawing C₄H₆

Empirical Formula

molecular formula and divide by the largest common factor C₂H₃

Photon Emission

Occurs when an electron drops from a HIGHER energy level to a LOWER energy level.

Covalent Naming Rules

Non-metal + Non-metal.
Use Greek Prefixes
DONT BALANCE out charges

Molecule

Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

λ

Wavelength

ν

frequency (s^-1) or Hz

Atomic Mass Formula

(mass x abundace) + (mass x abudnace) = element amu

and change abundance to 1-x when looking for abundace and there is no other abundance

How to find neutrons

(mass number - atom number)

Isotopes

• Same: Atomic Number (Protons)

• Different: Mass Number (Protons + Neutrons)

How is an anion formed?

When atom gains electrons

What are cations

Metals who form a positive charge

What are anions

Non metals who form a negative charge

How are photons gain

When energy is added to an atom

Quantitive

Number and units

Qualitative

Physical description