Microlab Quiz Oct24

What does the Fc region of an antibody do?

It is the constant region that determines antibody class and binds to immune cells.

What is an epitope?

The specific part of an antigen that an antibody binds to.

What are monoclonal antibodies?

Antibodies from one B-cell clone that recognize a single epitope.

What are polyclonal antibodies?

A mixture of antibodies from multiple B-cells that recognize many epitopes.

Which antibody type does a natural immune response produce?

Polyclonal antibodies.

What type of ELISA was used in lab?

Indirect ELISA.

What does indirect ELISA detect?

Antibodies in a sample, not antigens.

What antigen was used in the ELISA?

LPS from E. coli and Salmonella enteritidis.

What is the purpose of the blocking agent in ELISA?

To prevent nonspecific binding to the plastic plate surface.

What does a color change in ELISA indicate?

That antibodies in the sample bound to the antigen.

What are vaccine titers used to measure?

Antibody levels to determine vaccine effectiveness.

What is a positive control in ELISA?

A sample known to contain antibodies that confirms the test worked.

What is a negative control in ELISA?

A sample without antibodies confirming no contamination or false positives.

What is the primary immune response?

The first, slower immune response that produces fewer antibodies.

What is the secondary immune response?

A faster, stronger antibody response due to memory cells.

What happens during the lytic cycle?

The virus replicates immediately and lyses the host cell to release new virions.

What happens during the lysogenic cycle?

The viral genome integrates into the host’s DNA and can stay dormant as a prophage.

What can trigger the lysogenic cycle to switch to the lytic cycle?

Environmental stress or damage to the host cell.

What are lytic phages?

Phages that only perform the lytic cycle and destroy the host cell immediately.

What are temperate phages?

Phages that can alternate between lysogenic and lytic cycles.