bonding characteristucs

Ionic element types

Metals and non metals

Metallic element types

Only metals

Covalent element types

Only nonmetals

Particles in crystals for ionic

Positive and negative ions

Particles in crystals for metallic

Cations in a sea of delocalized electrons

Particles in crystals for covalent

Molecules

Electron location for ionic

With each atom

Electron location for metallic

Mobile and delocalized

Electron location for covalent

Shared

Attractive forces between ionic bonds

Strong

Attractive forces between particles in metallic bonds

Strong

Attractive forces between particles in polar covalent bonds

Strong

Attractive forces between particles in non polar covalent bonds

Weak

Relative melting point for ionic bonds

High

Relative melting point for metallic bonds

High

Relative melting points for polar covalent bonds

Intermediate

Relative melting point for non polar covalent bonds

Low

Water solubility for ionic

Most are soluble

Water solubility for metallic

Insoluble

Water solubility for polar covalent

Soluble

Water solubility for non polar covalent

Insoluble

Electrical conductivity for ionic

Conducts for liquid, doesn’t for solid

Electrical conductivity for metallic

Conducts for solids and liquids

Electrical conductivity for covalent

Doesn’t conduct

Example of ionic

NaCl

Example of metallic

Steel

Example of polar covalent

Water, sugar

Example of non polar covalent

Hexane paratin