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Testosterone and Mullerian-Inhibiting Factor
The female reproductive tract develops due to the abstenciĆ³n of which two hormones?
Paramesonpheric
The duct from which the female reproductive tract arises during fetal development.
Medulla
The ___ of the ovary contains most of the large arteries and veins.
Internal female genitalia
The uterus, uterine tubes, and vagina are part of which category?
A follicle contains an oocyte
What is the relationship between follicles and oocytes?
Abs en e of testosterone and MIF
What leads to the development of female (rather than male) reproductive structures during fetal development?
Attaches the ovary to the pelvic wall
What is the suspensores ligament?
Attaches the ovary to the uterus
What is the ovarian ligament?
Anchors the ovary to the broad ligament
What isThe purpose of the mesovarium?
Ovary
Which female reproductive organ produces egg cells and sex hormones?
Ovary
What is the organ supported by the Mesovarium?
Cortex
Eggs and developing follicles are located in which portion of the ovary?
Vagina, Uterus, ovaries, and uterine tubes
What are the organs part of the internal female genitalia?
Ovarian branch of the uterine artery
Which artery passes through the Mesovarium?
The ovarian artery
Which artery passes through the suspensory ligament?
Follicles
Within the ovary, eggs develop within encircling structures called ___
Uterine Tube
What is the name for the duct that extends from the ovary to the uterus and conveys an egg or conceptos to the uterus?
Ovarian
The ___ ligament stat aches the medial pole of the ovary to the uterus.
Ampulla
Which portion of the uterine tube is the longest?
1. Infundibulum
2. Ampulla
3. Isthmus
What are the 3 parts of the of the fallopian tubes?
Mesovarium
What term refers to the peritoneal fold that anchors the anterior margin of the ovary?
Infundibulum
What term refers to the flared portion at the distal end of the uterine tube?
Oviducts/Fallopian Tubes
The uterine tubes are also called ___/___ ___
Fimbriae
What term refers to the fringe-like projections extending from the infundibulum to the uterine tube?
Mesosalpinx
Which term refers to the portion of the broad ligament that surrounds the uterine tubes?
Medulla
What term refers to the inner portion of the ovary that contains the large arteries and veins?
Isthmus
The proximal end of the uterine tubes becomes narrowed. This region is called the ___
Infundibulum
Fimbriae extend off of the ____ of the uterine tube.
Fundus
What is the most superior I region of the uterus?
External Os
The ___ ___ is the opening between the cervical canal and the vagina.
To prevent spread of microorganisms from the vagina
What is the purpose of the mucous secreted by Cervical glands?
Uterus
The ___ is the large muscular organ that opens into the roof of the vagina.
Endometrium
The innermost layer of the uterine wall is the ____
INternal Os
The ___ ___ is the opening between the cervical canal and the lumen of the uterus.
Cervix
What term refers to the inferior cylindrical end of the uterus?
Stratum Basalis
Which term refers to the deeper layer of the endometrium that is retained in the menstrual cycle, and regenerates the functional layer?
Stratum functionalis
What is the layer of the endometrium that is shed during the menstrual cycle as necrotic tissue?
Thinner
During ovulation, mucus from the cervical glands become ___ to facilitate sperm.
Cardinal
The ___ ligaments support both the cervix and the superior portion of the vagina.
1. Perimetrium
2. Myometrium
3. Endometrium
What are the layers of the uterine wall, from most superficial to most deep?
Round ligaments
Which ligaments run from the anterior surface of the uterus, through the inguinal canals, to the labia majora?
Myometrium
What refers to the muscular layer of the uterine wall?
Simple columnar
The epithelium of the endometrium is __ __.
Vagina
What is the name of the tube that allows the discharge of menstrual fluid, receipt of the penis, and the birth of a baby?
Functional and basal alyers
What are the layers of the endometrium?
Vaginal Ruggae
The ridges in the vaginal wall that function to produce friction with the penis are called __ __.
Cardinal Ligament
Which ligament extends from the superior part of the vagina and cervix to the pelvic wall?
True
True or False: the Round Ligament of the uterus passes through the inguinal canal.
Mons pubis and clitoris
What are components of the vulva?
Vesicouterine pouch
What is the name for the pocket formed by the peritoneum, between the uterus and the urinary bladder?
Fornix
A blind pouch at the superior end of the vagina that extends beyond the cervix is called a ____.
Hymen
What term refers to the membrane that stretches across the vaginal orifice, usually broken by physical activity or tampon use?
Glnas
What term refers to the anterior-most aspect of the clitoris?
Corpora cavernous of the clitoris
The Crura are part of which female sex organ?
Vulva
The female external genitalia are collectively called the ___.
Pectoralis major
The breasts are mounds of adipose tissue and glands located superficial to which muscle?
Majora
The labia __ are the most superficial of the two pairs of labia.
Auxiliary Tail
What is the most superior portion of the breast?
Labia Minora
What are the thin, hairless folds of skin medial to the labia majora?
Nipple
The lactiferous sinuses merge at the ___ of the breast.
Clitoris
The male penis is homologous to which organ in the female?
8-10 years old
In the US, puberty begins at ages __ for most girls.
Crura
What term refers to the paired regions of the corpus cavernosa of the clitoris that attach it to the pubic arch?
Breast
The mound of adipose and glandular tissue that overlays the pectoralis major or enlargers during puberty is the __
Monthly changes to the lining of the uterus
What does the menstrual cycle entail?
Anillarte tail
Which term refers to the superior-most portion of the breast that extends towards the armpit?
Punerty
What term refers to the onset of a series of anatomical and physiological changes that indicate the onset of a female's reproductive life?
Oogonia
The ovarian stem cells that give rise to Oocytes are called ___.
Climacteric
A midline change in hormonal levels that brings of menopause in women.
Oocyte
A single human egg, or ovum, may also be referred to as an ___
Menstrual Cycle
Which term refers specifically to the monthly cycle of changes tat take place inside the uterus?
Ovum
Which term can be used to describe an egg cell at any stage of development?
Folliculogenesis
_____ refers to the development of the follicle that surrounds the egg as the egg undergoes Oogenesis?
Oogenesis
The production of the female haploid gamete is called ___.
Primordial
What is the only type of follicle that contains a primary oocyte?
Oogonium
The ovarian stem cells that generate oocytes are ___.
Secondary Follicle
A ___ ___ consists of two or more layers of stratified cells and a Zona Pellucida that surrounds the Oocyte.
Tertiary
The presence of a fluid-filled antrum is the first sign of a ___ follicle.
Primary Follicle
a ___ ___ consists of a single layer of cuboidal epithelial cells surrounding a secondary oocyte.
1. hypothalamus
2. Pituitary
3. ovaries
$. Uterus
Place the organs in order that participate in the HPO Axis
Proliferation and Menstrual phases
Which phases of the menstrual cycle occur during the follicular stage of the ovarian cycle?
The beginning of menstruation
Which sign indicates the beginning of the follicular stage of the ovarian cycle?
Antrum
Which term refers to the pool of follicular fluid found in tertiary follicles?
28 days
What is the average duration of the sexual cycle?
Estradiol
Which hormone, secreted by granulosa cells, help to stimulate the dominant follicle?
Secretory and Premenstrual phases
Which phases of the menstrual cycle occur during the literal phase of the ovarian cycle?
Follicular
The ___ phase of the ovarian cycle involves the growth and development of follicles.
Stimulates the dominant follicle to up-regulate its receptors
What is the function of Estradiol during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?
Granulosa
During the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle, Estradiol is secreted by the ___ cells of the antral follicles.
FH stimulates follicle growth, and granulosum cells to secrete Estradiol
What occurs during the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle?
Luteinizing hormone
Ovulation occurs when increased release of estrogen from a maturing follicle triggers a spike in which hormone?
Inhibition of GnRH, upregulation of FSH, LH, and Estradiol receptors in the dominant follicle.
What are the effects of Estradiol during the follicular phase?
Progesterone
During the lateral phase, there is a 10x increase in the hormone ___, to prepare the uterus for a potential pregnancy.
LH
The formation of the corpus luteum from the ruptured follicle is regulated by which hormone?
Corpus Luteum
Which structure secretes Estradiol, Inhibin, and Progesterone?
The corpus alibi ANS develops
What occurs during the lateral phase of the ovarian cycle?
Corpus Albican
After the involuciones of the Corpus Luteum, the inactive bit of scar tissue is known as the __ ___.
The ruptured follicle
Which structure develops into the corpus luteum after ovulation?
1. Menstrual phase
2. Proliferation phase
3. Secretory phase
4. Premenstrual phase
What are the steps in the menstruales cycle, from day 1 to day 28?
Progesterone
The hormone responsible for the fluid accumulation in the stratum functionalis during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle is _____.