ELECTIVE SCIENCE

he established the system of scientific nomenclature

carolus linnaeus

cluster arrangement of bacterial cells w/ the golden color of the colonies

Staphylococcus aureus

fungi form flat crusty plates

crustose lichens

fungi that are leafy in appearance

foliose lichens

regulates what comes in and out of the cell

cell membrane

keeps cell from bursting or collapsing due to osmotic changes

cell wall

found in virulent bacteria, helps evade immune system

capsule

bacterial structure: used for movement

flagella

bacterial structure: helps bacteria cling to surfaces

pilli

which microorganism does not have organelles or a membrane bound nucleus

prokaryotes

bacterial structure: contains a circular loop of DNA

nucleoid region

bacterial structure: rings of DNA, used in reproduction

plasmids

bacterial structure: in cytoplasm, synthesizes proteins

ribosomes

this can be defined as the arrangement of organisms into taxonomic groups on the basis of similarities or relationships

classification

this is naming an orgaism by international rules according to its characteristics

nomenclature

refers to the practical use of a classification scheme

identification

a culture derived from a single parent that differs in structure or metabolism from other cultures of that species

strain/variety

a subspecies that can show differences in antigenic makeup, susceptibility to bacterial viruses, and in pathogenicity

type

who discovered echerichia coli?

Theodor Echerich

this describes the bacterium’s habitat- the large intestine or colon

escherichia coli

4 main shapes of bacteria

1. cocci

2. bacilli

3. spirilla

4. spirochetes

4 groups based on cell wall composition

1. gram-positive cells

2. gram-negative cells

3. bacteria w/ chemically unique cell walls

4. bacteria w/o cell walls

it contains lipopolysaccharides

gram negative cell wall

it has thick peptidoglycan

gram positive cell wall

bacteria with chemically unique cell wall

rickettsia

mode of access thru air via:

strep throat, chlamydia

mode of access via contamination of:

food and drink

access thru direct contact:

syphilis and gonorrhea, anthrax, brucellosis

access thru wounds

tetanus and gas gangrene

access thru bites of insects and other organisms

bubonic plague, lyme disease

acute infectious disease caused by spores of the bacterium clostridium tetani

tetanus

this is when a large amount of the bacterium is found in the blood stream

septicemic plague

fatality of this disease is 100%

septicemic plague

commonly known as leprosy, advanced stage of the disease, more infectious than tuberculosis

lepromatous

caused by bacterium neisseria gonorrhea

gonorrhea

one of herpes symptoms

genital blisters

aggregate of hyphae

mycelium

hardened mass of mycelium that generally serves as an overwintering stage

sclerotium

feeds on dead tissues or organic waste

saprophytes

mutually beneficial relationship

symbiotes

fungi that are branched and may hang down like a beard

fruticose lichens

meiotic in origin

sexual reproduction

miotic in origin

asexual reproduction

another word for yeast

saccharomyces

imperfect fungi

deuteromycota