BIOL 1010 Application Questions Exam 3

When oxygen is in the pulmonary capillaries, where did it come from?

alveoli

What three processes form urine?

1. Filtration

2. Reabsorption

3. Secretion

Why do your lymph nodes swell when you get sick?

they’re actively fighting infection

A kidney stone is in the ureter, where will it go next?

urinary bladder

What is filtered at the glomerulus?

water, ions, glucose, and small waste molecules

What are the three accessory glands in the male reproductive system?

1. Seminal Vesicle

2. Prostate

3. Bulbourethral

If your blood glucose is too low, what hormone will your body produce more of?

glucagon

Where do filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place?

nephrons in the kidneys

If your metabolism was off, then what gland/s might be malfunctioning?

thyroid

How would someone remove lead from their bloodstream?

Lead is removed from the bloodstream through chelation therapy, where doctors give special medications that bind to lead so it can be excreted in urine.

If a substance is in your Bowman’s capsule, where is it going next?

proximal convoluted tubule

If your blood sugar was too high, then what gland is not producing enough of its hormone?

pancreas

Where does most of the substances filtered out in the glomerulus eventually end up?

reabsorbed back into the blood

If you were chased by a bear, hormones from this gland would be released to help you run away (even though you are not supposed to run from bears!)

adrenal

If filtration were not occurring, what would happen to you?

wastes and excess fluids would build up in your blood, leading to poisoning and potentially life-threatening organ failure

A substance has just left the circulatory system and gone into the nephron. What was the process/processes that placed that substance in the nephron?

The process that moved a substance from the circulatory system into the nephron is filtration, and in some cases secretion if it was actively transported into the nephron from the blood.

When water and solutes are in the collecting duct, where will they go next?

renal pelvis

How can a breathalyzer tell how much alcohol is in someone's blood?

A breathalyzer measures the alcohol in your breath, which is proportional to the alcohol in your blood, and uses that to estimate blood alcohol concentration (BAC).

What hormone is secreted at its highest levels at the time of the corpus luteum formation?

progesterone

When sperm is in the vas deferens where will it go next?

ejaculatory duct

What are the blood vessels called that wrap around the nephron?

peritubular capillaries

What do lymph capillaries do?

collect excess fluid, proteins, and waste from tissues and transport them into the larger lymphatic vessels

The secretion of hormones by the pituitary gland directly affects the production of what other hormones?

thyroid and adrenal glands

Carbon dioxide is in your alveoli, where did it come directly from?

the blood in the pulmonary capillaries

This gland is large in children but absent in adults.

thymus

If you have a goiter, how’d you get that?

iodine deficiency, autoimmune diseases (Hashimoto’s or Graves' disease), or hormone changes

Type 1 diabetes is caused when cells in the (blank) are destroyed.

pancreas

(Blank) is a hormone that causes white blood cells to mature.

thymosin

Hormones produced by the (blank) are responsible for milk production.

prolactin

If your diaphragm is dome shaped are you inhaling or exhaling?

exhaling

Which hormone acts in direct opposition to parathyroid hormone?

calcitonin

If you were sweating a lot, very nervous, and losing abnormal amounts of weight, what gland might be malfunctioning?

thyroid

If you give someone a good hug (not one where you do the "one-armed half hug", or "pat on the back" hug) what will that do to hormone levels?

increase oxytocin levels and decrease cortisol

If your muscle cells are starved for energy then you need to make more of what hormone?

glucagon

Excess water is in the collecting duct, what process will remove it from the body?

excretion in the urine

What is in the glomerulus?

blood: specifically, a network of tiny capillaries carrying plasma, red and white blood cells, and other blood components

You breathe out while sitting here answering these questions, what muscles contract?

the diaphragm and intercostal muscles

You breathe out while sitting here, is air pressure higher in your lungs or outside the body?

air pressure is higher in your lungs than outside the body

Air in your alveoli is high in carbon dioxide, where is that air going next?

bronchioles

Where in the kidney is blood filtered?

glomerulus