Gene Expression Overview

These flashcards cover key concepts related to gene expression, transcription, translation, and the roles of different molecules in these processes.

What is gene expression?

The process where information stored in DNA is converted into proteins or other molecules.

What happens in transcription?

The DNA in a gene is copied to produce an RNA transcript called messenger RNA (mRNA).

What enzyme is used to make mRNA?

RNA polymerase.

What base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

Uracil.

What happens in translation?

Instructions from mRNA convert proteins into ribosomes through tRNA.

How many mRNA letters make a codon?

Three.

What molecule reads the mRNA?

Ribosomes.

What does each tRNA molecule do?

Each tRNA molecule delivers its amino acid to the ribosome and binds temporarily to the corresponding codon on the mRNA molecule.

What is the growing peptide chain called?

Polypeptide.