Humanistic Psychology: Rogers and Maslow First 10-1

What is the first force according to Rogers?

Psychoanalytic theory

Who is the philosophical antecedent of the first force of humanistic psychology?

Thomas Hobbes and the social contract

What is the nature of humans of the psychoanalytic theory?

bad

Is there free will in the psychoanalytic theory

no

What is the historical context of the psychoanalytic theory?

Darwin’s theory of evolution

What are the theoretical constructs underlying behavior for the psychoanalytic theory?

unconscious conflicts

What is the second force of the three forces in psychology?

behavioral theory

Who is the philosophical antecedent in the behavioral theory?

John Locke and Tabula Rasa

What is the nature of humans in the behavioral theory?

Neutral—neither good nor bad

is there free will in the behavioral theory?

no

What is the historical context in the behavioral theory?

the advent of scientific, academic psychology— Wundt 1879

What are the theoretical constructs underlying behavior in behavioral theory

principles of learning

What is the third force of the three forces in psychology?

humanistic psychology

Who is the philosophical antecedent of humanistic psychology?

Jean Jacques Rousseau— civilization ruins humans

What is the nature of humans in humanistic psychology?

good

What is the historical context in humanistic psychology?

the modern era and social change after WWII

What are the theoretical constructs underlying behavior in humanistic psychology?

the emergence of self, actualization and the organismic valuing process

What did Rogers do with Freud’s idea?

He rejects freud’s idea of an omniscient therapist who analyzed a passive patient

What did Rogers focus on?

the activities and knowledge of the patient who became a client receiving advice rather than a patient receiving treatment.

What was Rogers original theory known as?

“client-centered” but because of its broad application became known as “person-centered theory”

What is actualization according to rogers theory?

Where Rogers believed we all have a tendency to actualize our “benign” inner potential. That means to develop our healthy constructive capacities.

What is an example of actualization according to Roger’s theory?

Potato in the bin

What did Rogers believe?

 that the capacity for cruel and destructive behavior is the result of external forces which disturb the benign inner forces 

What is the need for positive regard according to rogers theory?

Rogers believed all humans need warmth, respect, acceptance from other people, particularly significant others.ant others.

What does Rogers say about the need for positive regard?

It remains with us for life

What does the need for positive regard lead to?

a learned need for positive self-regard

What does the need for positive self-regard become?

The largest impediment to actualization

What does Rogers acknowledge the importance of?

Childhood experience in personality development (i.e., causality) but emphasizes teleology

What does teleology refer to according to rogers?

the meaning or purpose of behavior

What did Rogers focus on?

The examination of purposeful striving to have needs met and to fulfill goals, i.e., acting purposefully

What is the structure of personality according to Rogers theory?

Where Rogers has contradictions with regard to the unity of personality structure

What does Rogers see the actualization involving in?

Total organism. This does not require specific structural contructs

What does Rogers also recognize?

that people are often subject to painful inner conflicts. This suggests structural components

What is experience according to Rogers theory?

that each person has a world of inner experience. This is an experiential field or phenomenological field.

What is Roger’s theory some referred to as?

Phenomenological theory

In the phenomenological theory a small portion is conscious and most of it is unconscious

true