cell structure and function

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plant only; cellulose structure that gives the cell protection and allows pressure to build up in the cell; gives cell shape

CELL WALL

Controls what comes in and out

CELL MEMBRANE

protects and holds the cell together

CYTOPLASM

controller of everything, the boss

NUCLEUS

separates the nucleus and cytoplasm; controls what comes in and out of the nucleus

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

rich in dna, site of ribosome synthesis

NUCLEOLUS

material that makes up chromosomes

CHROMATIN

assembles some components of a cell membrane; modifies protein and has ribosomes attached to it 

ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

makes the protein

RIBOSOME

releases energy in the form of ATP

MITOCHONDRIA

plant only (large); stores food and waste product

VACUOLE

plant only; allows plants to make their own food through photosynthesis

CHLOROPLAST

modifies and packages proteins

GOLGI APPARATUS

animal only; cellular waste bag, breaks down food and waste

LYSOSOME

animal only; spindle fibers develop cell division

CENTROSOME

assembles some components of cell membrane; synthesizes the lipids

SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

What is the main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles while eukaryotes do have both of those

Are bacteria PROKARYOTES or EUKARYOTES?

prokaryotes

Are fungi, plants, and animals PROKARYOTES or EUKARYOTES?

eukaryotes

What are two organelles that all cells (prokaryotes AND eukaryotes) have?

cell membrane, ribosomes, and cytoplasm

The Cell Theory states:

new cells are made by existing cells, all livings things are constructed by cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living things

scientists who created cell theory

who discovered cells

robert hooke

who got credit for cell theory

schwann, schleiden, virchow