Introduction to Political Science

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts from the lecture on Political Science, including definitions and explanations of important theories, forms of government, and historical context.

Political Science

The systematic study of the state and government.

Political Theory

The entire body of doctrines relating to the origin, form, behavior, and purposes of the state.

Public Law

It examines the organization of governments, limitations on government authority, and obligations of states.

Public Administration

Focuses on the methods and techniques used in the management of state affairs.

Sovereignty

The supreme power of the state to command and enforce obedience within its jurisdiction.

Divine Right Theory

The theory that the state is of divine creation and the ruler is ordained by God.

Social Contract Theory

The theory that states were formed by a voluntary compact among people for their common good.

Monarchy

A form of government in which supreme authority is held by a single person.

Democracy

A system of government where political power is exercised by the majority of the people.

Unitary Government

A government structure where control of national and local affairs is exercised by the central government.

Federal Government

A system where powers are divided between national and local governments, each being supreme within its own sphere.

Parliamentary Government

A system where the legislature has the power to terminate the tenure of the real executive.

Presidential Government

A system where the executive is constitutionally independent of the legislature.

Barangay

The basic unit of government in the Philippines, composed of settlements or villages.

Council of Indies

The council in Spain responsible for the administration of the Philippines during the colonial period.

Political Science

The systematic study of the state and government.

Political Theory

The entire body of doctrines relating to the origin, form, behavior, and purposes of the state.

Public Law

It examines the organization of governments, limitations on government authority, and obligations of states.

Public Administration

Focuses on the methods and techniques used in the management of state affairs.

Sovereignty

The supreme power of the state to command and enforce obedience within its jurisdiction.

Divine Right Theory

The theory that the state is of divine creation and the ruler is ordained by God.

Social Contract Theory

The theory that states were formed by a voluntary compact among people for their common good.

Monarchy

A form of government in which supreme authority is held by a single person.

Democracy

A system of government where political power is exercised by the majority of the people.

Unitary Government

A government structure where control of national and local affairs is exercised by the central government.

Federal Government

A system where powers are divided between national and local governments, each being supreme within its own sphere.

Parliamentary Government

A system where the legislature has the power to terminate the tenure of the real executive.

Presidential Government

A system where the executive is constitutionally independent of the legislature.

Barangay

The basic unit of government in the Philippines, composed of settlements or villages.

Council of Indies

The council in Spain responsible for the administration of the Philippines during the colonial period.

State

A community of persons occupying a definite portion of territory, possessing a government, and enjoying independence from external control, consisting of 4 essential elements.

Nation

An ethnic or cultural concept referring to a group of people who share a common language, customs, or historical heritage.

People

The mass of population inhabiting a state, which must be numerous enough to be self-sufficing and to be governed.

Territory

The fixed portion of the earth's surface inhabited by the people of the state, including terrestrial, fluvial, and aerial domains.

Government

The agency or instrumentality through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed, and realized.

Internal Sovereignty

The absolute power of the state to rule and enforce its laws within its own territory.

External Sovereignty

The freedom of the state from control or interference by other states, commonly known as independence.

Police Power

The inherent power of the state to regulate liberty and property for the promotion of public health, safety, and general welfare.

Power of Eminent Domain

The inherent power of the state to take private property for public use upon the payment of just compensation.

Power of Taxation

The inherent power of the state to demand proportional contributions from its subjects to fund the expenses of the government.