us presidency and gov leadership styles

Constitutional requirements to be president

Must be at least 35 years old, a natural-born citizen, and have lived in the U.S. for at least 14 years.

Executive order

A rule or command issued by the president that has the force of law.

Amnesty

A pardon granted to a group of people for political offenses.

Executive agreement

An agreement between the president and another country's leader that does not need Senate approval.

Mandate

Public endorsement of a president's policies, shown through election results.

Impoundment

The president's refusal to spend money that Congress has appropriated.

Reprieve

A delay or temporary suspension of punishment.

Executive privilege

The president's right to keep certain communications confidential.

Pardon

Legal forgiveness of a crime, granted by the president.

Treaty

A formal agreement between countries that requires Senate approval.

22nd Amendment

Limits presidents to two terms.

25th Amendment

Sets the order of presidential succession.

Number of executive cabinet departments

15

Newest executive department

The Department of Homeland Security (created in 2002).

Role of the Department of Treasury

Manages federal finances, collects taxes, and produces currency.

Role of the Department of State

Handles foreign affairs and represents the U.S. internationally.

Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

Collects federal taxes and enforces tax laws.

Presidents who died while in office

Eight.

Maximum number of years a person can serve as president

10 years (if they serve two years or less of another president's term, plus two full terms of their own).

President who set the precedent for serving two terms

George Washington.

Only president elected to more than two terms

Franklin D. Roosevelt.

Branches of government missing under the Articles of Confederation

The executive and judicial branches.

Government corporation

A business owned by the government that provides a public service.

Best example of a government corporation today

The U.S. Postal Service (USPS).

Authoritarian leadership style

Leader makes decisions alone and expects strict compliance; works best for quick decisions or crises. Examples: Adolf Hitler, Jefferson Davis.

Transformational leadership style

Inspires a shared vision, encourages creativity and growth. Examples: Steve Jobs, Martin Luther King Jr.

Coaching leadership style

Develops others through guidance and feedback. Examples: Oprah Winfrey, Phil Jackson.

Participative leadership style

Involves team members in decision-making. Examples: John F. Kennedy, Indra Nooyi.

Laissez-Faire leadership style

Gives team members freedom to manage themselves. Examples: Warren Buffet, Richard Branson.

Transactional leadership style

Focuses on structure, rewards, and performance-based goals. Examples: Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos.