global inequalities

MIRAB economy

a lesser-developed economy that depends on aid from foreign countries and remittances from former residents working elsewhere

APEC

Asia - Pacific Economic Cooperation, organization designed to increases multilateral economic cooperation between nations bordering the Pacific Ocean

The pacific way

the regional identity and way of handling conflicts peacefully that grows out of Pacific Islanders' particular social experiences

Pacific Solution

The name given to the Australian government policy of transporting asylum seekers to detention camps on small island nations (Nauru) in the Pacific Ocean, rather than allowing them to land on the Australian mainland

Maori

indigenous people of New Zealand

Marsupials

Mammals whose immature offspring complete their development in an external pouch.

Monotremes

mammals that lay eggs

Aboriginal Australians

a person belonging to the native/indigenous communities of Australia who lived there before Europeans arrived

Atoll

an island consisting of a circular coral reef surrounding a lagoon

Makatea

a broad uplifted coral reef surrounding an island in the south Pacific

Micronesia

Palikir, small islands

Melanesia

A region in Oceania meaning "black islands"

Polynesia

Islands contained in a rough triangle whose points lie in Hawaii, New Zealand, and Easter Island

The treaty of Waitangi

The treaty signed by the British and Maori in 1840 giving Britain control over New Zealand.

Kiribati and Fiji- relocation issues due to climate change impacts

had to relocate because volcanic activity

high island

A Pacific island that has been formed by a volcano and is usually mountainous.

low island

A Pacific island that is a reef or small coral island in the shape of a ring.

Caldera

a large crater caused by the violent explosion of a volcano that collapses into a depression

primate city

The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.

The capital of Australia is:

Canberra

capital of new zealand

Wellington, auckland

Archipelago

a large group of islands

Domino Theory

A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.

Gulf of Tonkin Incident

Alleged attack of US ships by North Vietnamese torpedoes in the Tonkin Gulf on August 4, 1964. Prompted the escalation of the War in Vietnam.

South Vietnam

a former country in southeastern Asia that existed from 1954 (after the defeat of the French at Dien Bien Phu) until 1975 when it was defeated and annexed by North Vietnam

North Vietnam

Communists controlled part of Vietnam

Killing Fields of Cambodia

Genocide in Cambodia where more than a million people were killed and buried by the Communist Khmer Rouge- led by Dictator Pol Pot, who wanted to reset time to the "year zero" and eliminate all educated people from his country

Pancasila

the Five Principles of the Indonesian constitution: belief in God, nationalism, humanitarianism, social justice, and democracy

Crony Capitalism

A system in which close friends of a political leader are either legally or illegally given business advantages in return for their political support.

cultural pluralism

A condition in which many cultures coexist within a society and maintain their cultural differences.

detritus

(n.) loose bits and pieces of material resulting from disintegration or wearing away; fragments that result from any destruction

oil palm plantations

these are replacing primary forests in much of southeast Asia

Wet Rice Agriculture

the cultivation of rice by planting on dry land, transferring the seedlings to a flooded field, and draining the field before harvesting.

doi moi

economic policy the Vietnamese government put into place in 1986

Siam

former name of Thailand

countries in south east asia

• Vietnam, • Cambodia, • Laos, • Thailand,• Burma,• Indonesia,• Philippines,Singapore, Malaysia

coral bleaching

the loss of color in corals that occurs when stressed corals expel the algae that live in them

Religions in Southeast Asia

Buddhism, Islam, Christianity, Hinduism

feminization of labor

the rise of female labor participation in all sectors and the movement of women into jobs traditionally held by men

Inter tropical convergence zone

a narrow zone near the equator where northern and southern air masses converge, typically producing low atmospheric pressure.

Hinduism

A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms

Buddhism

the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth

Sikhism

Indian religion founded by the guru Nanak (1469-1539) in the Punjab region of northwest India. After the Mughal emperor ordered the beheading of the ninth guru in 1675, warriors from this group mounted armed resistance to Mughal rule.

Reincarnation

The rebirth of a soul in a new body

Karma

(Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation

Dharma

the religious and moral duties of an individual

Samsara

(Hinduism and Buddhism) the endless cycle of birth and suffering and death and rebirth

Green Revolution

Agricultural revolution that increased production through improved seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation; helped to support rising Asian populations.

microcredit bank

a bank that lends sums of money to people in edeveloping countries for small business development

Grameen Bank

The bank, established by Professor Muhammad Yunus, that provides microloans to primarily women in developing countries, who are more likely to use the money for productive uses, despite no credit history.

Partition of South Asia

-after India's independence from Britain in 1947, India divided into Hindu-dominated but nominally secular India & Muslim state of Pakistan, caused cultural conflict, mass migrations in south Asia and to Britain in search of employment, & nationalist movements; source of several conflicts; India supported East Pakistani secession in 1972, creating Bangladesh

-Jawaharlal Nehru: first Indian Prime Minister; allied India with other non-aligned countries and created an alternative to getting involved in the cold war.

The salt march of 1930

passive resistance campaign of Mohandas Gandhi where many Indians protested the British tax on salt by marching to the sea to make their own salt.

Chipko Movement

a tree-hugging project by women in India in the 1970s

jaiti

The people of ancient India did not belong to a particular caste as individuals, but as a larger kin group referred to as jaiti, a system of large extended families. Historians assumed that this developed much later than the concept of Varna and it came into existence as a means of facilitating the assimilation of large tribal groups into the large Indian Society. Jaiti's were governed by its own council of elders. Leadership was based on wealth, social status in the community. Each jaiti was assigned a particular form of economic activity.

Hijras

an alternative gender role in India conceptualized as neither man nor woman

Punjab Region

a region of South Asia, in between India and Pakistan where Sikhs have fought for autonomy

malala

A young Pakistani girl who was shot because of speaking of for gender equailty in education

bangalore

Indian city that is home to many high-tech industries

Mumbai

India's largest city

Dowry/Bride Price

money or goods agreed upon between families to be paid to the groom's family.

Golden Triangle

The world's second largest opium and heroin producing area, located in northern Laos, Thailand, and Burma.

Taliban

A fundamentalist Muslim movement whose militia took control of much of Afghanistan from early 1995, and in 1996 took Kabul and set up a radical Islamic state. The movement was forcibly removed from power by the US and its allies after the September 11, 2001, attacks