History

In the early 1800s, which was most affected by the development of the steamboat?

the movement of goods around the United States

Which pair of inventions most directly affected domestic life in the United States during the 1800s?

icebox and iron cooking stove

The invention of the steam locomotive most contributed to

the spread of railroads

The sewing machine was invented by

Elias Howe

The cotton gin was a machine that made it quicker and easier to

clean the seeds out of cotton plants

Which factor most contributed to industrialization in New England?

an abundance of rivers

Which industry was the first to be transformed by the Industrial Revolution?

textile

Which statement best explains how the invention and spread the telegraph affected American society?

It enabled businesses to grow and spread by improving long-distance communication.

Adam Smith

The Wealth of Nations; advocated for laissez faire

Laissez-faire

Idea that government should play as small a role as possible in economic affairs; free market, free enterprise.

Competition between businesses

How to regulate a free market?

1791

Philadelphia organized the first stock exchange

Industrial Revolution

A series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods.

Market Revolution

economic changes where people buy and sell goods rather than make them themselves

interchangeable parts

Identical components that can be used in place of one another in manufacturing

Samuel Slater

He memorized the way that the British made machines and he brought the idea to America. He made our first cotton spinning machine.

Francis Cabot Lowell

American industrialist who developed the Lowell system, a mill system that included looms that could both weave thread and spin cloth. He hired young women to live and work in his mill

Robert Fulton

American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and the first steam warship (1765-1815)

How did transportation innovations accelerate the market revolution?

It gave people access to affordable goods they no longer needed to provide for themselves; environmental costs.

telegraph

A device that used electrical signals to send messages quickly over long distances

Cyrus McCormick

Irish-American inventor that developed the mechanical reaper. The reaper replaced scythes as the preferred method of cutting crops for harvest, and it was much more efficient and much quicker. The invention helped the agricultural growth of America.

John Deere

Invented the steel plow

What was the main difference between the German and Irish immigrants who arrived in the U.S. during the mid-1800s?

the amount of economic success they achieved

What factor contributed to the popularity of the Know-Nothing Party?

the rise in anti-immigration sentiment

What factor contributed most to the construction of factories in American cities during the first half of the 1800s?

the availability of a large supply of workers

Urbanization during the 1800s resulted in

an increase in the number of people living in poor housing conditions

During the mid-1800s, Irish immigrants to the United States were generally

unskilled workers

What was the greatest danger for free African Americans living in northern cities in the 1840s and 1850s?

being kidnapped and sold into slavery in the South

During the second half of the 1800s, most new immigrants settled in

ethnic ghettos

What statement describes how urban life differed from rural life in America in the 1800s?

The city was more unsanitary, but it provided greater economic and cultural opportunities.

What factor contributed the most to increased German immigration to the United States in the mid-1800s?

Political persecution in Germany that drove out educated citizens

What factor contributed to the growth of eastern cities during the first half of the 1800s?

improved transportation

Immigrants who arrived in eastern cities during the 1840s generally sought work as

factory workers

Read the quotation below.

"We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men and women are created equal."
—Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Declaration of Sentiments, 1848

This quotation is evidence that leaders of the women's rights movement

were influenced by the ideas of the Founders

What was the first major demand of the women's rights convention held in Seneca Falls, New York, in 1848?

political equality

How did the abolitionist movement of the 1800s differ from the anti slavery movement of the late 1700s?

Abolitionists called for immediate rather than gradual emancipation.

The purpose of the Underground Railroad was to

help slaves escape from the South

Both the Gimké sisters and Frederick Douglass

lectured and wrote about the need to end slavery

Dorothea Dix was a social reformer who worked to improve conditions in

hospitals and insane asylums

The ideas of Republicanism connected most naturally with the goals of

the common school movement

What statement best explains how the common school movement and the women's rights movement were similar?

Both sought to expand social and economic opportunities for females.

During the first few decades after the Revolutionary War, American culture

was very similar to European culture

The Shakers and the members of New Harmony were similar because both promoted

communal ownership of all property and equal rights for men and women

What effect did women's participation in earlier reformed movements have on the women's rights movement?

It gave women experience in working on behalf of social change.

What set of factors most contributed to the increasing popularity of the temperance movement in the United States during the mid-1800s?

industrialization and immigration

Horace Mann

believed the government should provide all children with a free education

Women participate in abolitionist movement - \> ? - \> Women social activist hold Seneca Falls Conventions - \> Women's movement seeks expanded rights

Which trend best fits above?

Women face discrimination from abolitionist men.

During what period did the abolitionist movement begin to gain strength?

the mid-1800s

The rise of social-reform movements in the United States in the early 1800s resulted in which shift in attitude?

seeing crime as a result of social conditions rather than as an expression of individual weakness

Both Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony

were strong advocates of expanding women's legal and political rights

What problem most significantly limited women's social, political, and economic opportunities in the early 1800s?

lack of legal rights

What assumption was fundamental to the movement to create free public schools throughout the US?

education is essential for improving society

The Brook Farm in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, was most closely associated with

transcendentalism

Both James Fennimore Cooper and Washington Irving

celebrated heroic individualism

What factor most directly contributed to the emergence of the women's rights movement in the United States?

gender discrimination by male abolition activists

The ideas of Republicanism connected most naturally with the goals of

the common school movement

What statement best describes the similarity between Harriet Tubman and Frederick Douglass?

both were formerly enslaved and worked to end slavery

Sojourner Truth was a prominent abolitionist who

escaped from slavery

Dorthea Dix was a social reformer who worked to

improve care for the mentally ill

What set of factors most contributed to the increasing popularity of the temperance movement in the U.S. during the mid-1800s

industrialization and immigration

What statement best explains why the Underground Railroad was not a complete remedy for the problems associated with slavery?

Enslaved Africans who escaped North continued to face racial discrimination and limited economic opportunities

What was the main pull factor that drew increasing numbers of immigrants to the United States during the second half of the 1800s?

the promise of economic opportunities

What statement explains why cities built on waterways continued to grow?

Waterways provided power for factories

What statement describes a feature typical of both African Americans and Irish immigrants living in northern cities in the 1840s and 1850s?

they formed close-knit communities

Urbanization during the 1800s resulted in

an increase in the number of people living in poor housing conditions

What was the main difference between the German and Irish immigrants who arrived in the US during the mid- 1800s

the amount of economic success they achieved

What was the greatest danger for free African Americans living in northern cities in the 1840s and 1850s

being kidnapped and sold into slavery

During the second half of the 1800s, most new immigrants settled in

ethnic ghettos

What trend accompanied the industrialization of the U.S. during the mid-1800s?

an increasing gap between rich and poor

What was a significant problem faced by native-born Americans who migrated from rural to urban areas during the 1800s?

lack of family and community support

What area did most German immigrants during the 1850s settle in?

the midwest

The beginning of industrialization in New England was largely a result of the region's—

ability to provide water power need by early factories

What factor contributed to the spread of anti-immigrant sentiment among lower class Americans during the mid-1800s?

competition for factory and construction jobs

Immigrants who arrived in eastern cities during the 1840s generally sought work as

factory workers

What stamens describes how urban life differed form rural life in America in the 1800s?

The city was more unsanitary, but provided greater economic and cultural opportunities

What factor contributed to the growth of eastern cities during the first half of the 1800s?

improved transportation

During the mid-1800s, Irish immigrants to the US were generally

unskilled workers

Native-born Americans migrated from farms to cities during the 1800s largely because of

a scarcity of jobs in rural areas

The invention of the Morse code was connected with which other innovation?

Telegraph

In the early 1800s, which was most affected by the development of the steamboat?

the movement of goods around the US

What did Robert Fulton contribute to the transportation system of the US?

he improved the efficiency of steamboats

Who invented the sewing machine?

Elias Howe

What statement explains how the early Industrial Revolution changed the U.S. economy?

If led to automation of production methods

The invention of the mechanical reaper and the steel plow

Improved agricultural productivity

The cotton gin was a machine that made it easier and quicker to

clean seeds out of cotton plants

Most of the factory workers in the early textile industry in New England were

women raised on farms

What industry was the first to be transformed by the Industrial Revolution?

textile

What factor most contributed to industrialization in New England?

an abundance of rivers

How did Isaac M. Singer's improvements to the sewing machine change the way goods were manufactured?

Factories could mass-produce clothing to be sold in retail stores

The earliest railroads in the US

improved travel between cities in the east

What statement best explains how the invention of the McCormick reaper in 1831 helped Americans settle the frontier?

It made harvesting crops a less labor-intensive process

What statement best explains how the invention and spread of the telegraphy affected American society?

It enabled businesses to grow and spread by improving long-distance communication

What pair of inventions most directly affected domestic life in the US during the 1800s?

icebox and iron cooking stove

Invention of the cotton gin - \> Development of interchangeable parts - \> ? - \> Lower prices and higher profits

What development best fits above?

expansion of mass-production methods

The invention of the steam locomotive most contributed to

spread of railroads

During the 1800s, the development of the free enterprise system in the US had what effect?

It encouraged entrepreneurship and technological innovation.

As New England's textile industry grew, Southern farmers had a hard time keeping up with the demand for cotton.