Unit 1 Part 1: Scientific Foundations of Psychology

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14 Terms

1

Behavioral Approach

A psychological perspective that focuses on observable behaviors and the ways in which they are learned, often through interaction with the environment.

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2

Humanistic Approach

A psychological perspective that emphasizes personal growth, self-actualization, and the inherent goodness of people, focusing on individual experiences and feelings.

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3

Cognitive Approach

A psychological perspective that emphasizes mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving, focusing on how people understand, diagnose, and solve problems.

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4

Nature vs. Nurture

The debate concerning the relative contributions of genetic inheritance (Blank) and environmental factors (Blank) to human development and behavior.

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5

Natural Selection

The process by which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring, leading to evolutionary change.

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6

Evolutionary Approach

A psychological perspective that considers the role of evolutionary processes in shaping behavior and mental processes, emphasizing adaptation and survival.

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7

Biopsychosocial Approach

A comprehensive perspective in psychology that considers biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding human behavior and mental processes.

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8

Biological Approach

A perspective in psychology that focuses on the physiological and genetic influences on behavior, emphasizing the role of the brain, neurotransmitters, and hormones.

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9

Industrial-Organizational Psychologist

A professional who applies psychological principles to workplace environments, focusing on improving productivity, employee satisfaction, and organizational effectiveness.

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10

Counseling Psychologist

A psychologist who provides therapeutic services to individuals dealing with emotional, social, and developmental issues, often helping clients improve their well-being and coping strategies.

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11

Clinical Psychologist

A professional who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental disorders, providing therapy, and conducting psychological assessments to help individuals manage their mental health.

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12

Psychiatry

A medical specialty focused on diagnosing, treating, and preventing mental health disorders, often involving medication management and psychotherapy.

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13

Psychodynamic Approach

A therapeutic approach that emphasizes the influence of unconscious processes and early life experiences on behavior and emotional functioning, often using techniques like free association and dream analysis.

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14

Sociocultural Approach

A perspective in psychology that examines how social and cultural factors influence behavior, thoughts, and emotions, emphasizing the role of societal norms, values, and traditions.

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