CLASSICS 104 - UALBERTA FINAL
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245 Terms
Who was Pliny the Younger?
A Roman lawyer and writer known for his letters, including eyewitness accounts of the eruption of Vesuvius.
Who was Cicero?
A Roman statesman, orator, and philosopher known for his speeches and writings.
What is a primary source?
A document or object created during the time being studied.
What is manuscript tradition?
How ancient texts were copied and passed down over time.
What is polychromy?
The use of many colors, especially on ancient statues and buildings.
What are 'big digs'?
Large-scale archaeological excavations.
Who was Michael Rostovtzeff?
A historian known for interpreting ancient societies through economic and social lenses.
What is Romanization?
The process by which conquered peoples adopted Roman culture.
Who was Romulus?
Legendary founder and first king of Rome.
Who was Tarquinius Superbus?
The last king of Rome before the Republic.
What is the lapis niger?
An ancient black stone shrine in the Roman Forum with an early Latin inscription.
Who were the patricians?
The aristocratic class of early Rome.
Who were the plebeians?
The common people of Rome.
What was the 'Struggle of the Orders'?
A power struggle between patricians and plebeians in the early Republic.
Who were the optimates?
A political faction favoring senatorial authority.
Who were the populares?
A faction using popular assemblies to gain power.
What were latifundia?
Large Roman agricultural estates worked by slaves.
Who were the Gracchi brothers?
Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus, reformers who sought land redistribution.
Who was Sulla?
A Roman general and dictator known for purges and constitutional reforms.
What is proscription?
A public list of enemies marked for death or exile.
Who was Pompey the Great?
A powerful Roman general and member of the First Triumvirate.
Who was Marcus Licinius Crassus?
A wealthy Roman politician and triumvir.
Who was Julius Caesar?
A Roman general, statesman, and dictator assassinated in 44 BCE.
Who was Octavian?
Caesar's heir who became Augustus, the first Roman emperor.
Who was Brutus?
A senator who helped assassinate Caesar.
Who was Mark Antony?
A Roman general and ally of Caesar who fought Octavian.
What was the Second Triumvirate?
A political alliance of Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus.
Who was Augustus?
Rome's first emperor.
What was the pax Romana?
A long period of Roman peace and stability.
What is damnatio memoriae?
The erasure of a person's memory from public records.
What was the Tetrarchy?
Diocletian's system of four co-emperors ruling the empire.
What was the Centuriate Assembly?
A Roman voting body organized by wealth and military class.
What was the Tribal Assembly?
A voting body organized by geographic tribes.
What was the Plebeian Assembly?
A legislative body for plebeians.
What was the Senate?
Rome's main governing council of aristocrats.
What was a quaestor?
A financial magistrate.
What was an aedile?
An official overseeing public buildings, markets, and games.
What was a praetor?
A magistrate responsible for law courts.
What was a consul?
One of two chief magistrates of the Republic.
What is imperium?
Legal power to command armies and hold authority.
What are fasces?
Bundles of rods symbolizing Roman authority.
What was a censor?
An official who conducted the census and upheld public morals.
What was a dictator?
A temporary emergency ruler with absolute power.
Who was the Tribune of the Plebs?
An official who protected plebeian rights.
What is a libertus/liberta?
A freedman or freedwoman.
Who were the honestiores?
The upper social classes.
Who were the humiliores?
The lower classes.
Who were equestrians?
Wealthy Romans below the senatorial class.
What was the salutatio?
A morning greeting ritual between patrons and clients.
What is a novus homo?
A 'new man,' the first in a family to reach high office.
What are the tria nomina?
The three-part Roman male name.
What is nexum?
A debt-bondage contract.
Who was Spartacus?
A gladiator who led a major slave revolt.
What is the pileus?
A cap symbolizing manumission (freedom).
What is familia?
The Roman household unit.
What is domus?
A Roman house.
Who was the paterfamilias?
The male head of the household with legal authority.
What is cum manu marriage?
Marriage where the wife comes under the husband's authority.
What is sine manu marriage?
Marriage where the wife remains under her father's authority.
What does sui iuris mean?
Legally independent.
What is concubinage?
A non-marital long-term partnership.
What is contubernium?
A slave union not legally recognized.
What is the Ara Pacis?
The Altar of Peace dedicated to Augustus.
What is Dura-Europos?
A multicultural frontier city with well-preserved remains.
What is the House of the Tragic Poet?
A decorated Pompeian house with famous mosaics.
What is an atrium?
The central hall of a Roman house.
What are imagines?
Ancestral portraits.
What is a lararium?
A household shrine to the Lares.
What is a tablinum?
The office of the paterfamilias.
What is a triclinium?
A dining room.
What is a cubiculum?
A bedroom.
What are insulae?
Roman apartment buildings.
What is a villa urbana?
A city villa.
What is a villa rustica?
A rural estate.
What is a villa maritima?
A seaside villa.
What are Martial's Epigrams?
Short humorous poems by Martial.
What is the Gabinetto Segreto?
A collection of erotic artifacts from Pompeii.
What does apotropaic mean?
Meant to ward off evil.
What is a fascinus?
A phallic protective charm.
Who was Livius Andronicus?
The earliest Roman poet and dramatist.
Who was Ennius?
The 'father of Roman poetry.'
Who was Plautus?
A comic playwright.
Who was Terence?
A playwright known for refined comedies.
Who was Catullus?
A poet known for personal lyric poems.
Who was Lucretius?
A philosopher-poet who wrote On the Nature of Things.
Who was Sallust?
A Roman historian.
Who was Livy?
Historian who wrote Ab Urbe Condita.
What is Ab Urbe Condita?
Livy's history of Rome.
Who was Ovid?
A Roman poet exiled by Augustus.
What is the Metamorphoses?
Ovid's epic of mythological transformations.
Who was Virgil?
The poet of the Aeneid.
What is the Aeneid?
Rome's national epic about Aeneas.
What is dactylic hexameter?
The poetic meter of classical epics.
Who was Seneca?
A philosopher and playwright.
Who was Tacitus?
A historian known for Annals and Histories.
Who was Pliny the Elder?
A natural philosopher who died at Vesuvius.
Who was Juvenal?
A satirical poet.
Who was Julia Balbilla?
A Roman poet who wrote inscriptions.
Who were paedagogi?
Slaves who supervised children.
Who was the ludi magister?
The teacher of elementary school.
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